SODIUM PHOSPHATES

Sodium phosphates is an inorganic salt used as industrial detergents, metal treatment and in toilet floor cleaners. 
Sodium phosphates is pure cleaning power. 
Used as a water softener; for the treatment of boiler water; as a paint remover; in photographic developers; for tanning leather; for manufacturing paper; for clarifying sugar.

CAS:    7601-54-9
MF:    Na3O4P
MW:    163.940671
EINECS:    231-509-8

Synonyms
TSPC;TRI-SODIUM ORTHOPHOSPHATE;antisal4;dri-tri;emulsiphos440/660;nutrifosstp;oakite;orthophosphatetrisodique

Also, Sodium phosphates is a common laboratory reagent. Use to dissolve dirt, grease, and mildew from siding, decks, masonry, boats, campers. 
To prepare surfaces before painting or staining wash with TSP. 
Sodium phosphates is an approved food additive in the U.S., European Union and other countries of the world. 
Sodium phosphates may be added to foods and beverages or smoothies and green drinks. 
The primary function of Sodium phosphates is acidity regulation. 
Sodium phosphates is commonly present in dry, extruded cereals. 
Together with other phosphates, Sodium phosphates modifies cereal color, aids the cereal's flow through the extruder and provides phosphorus fortification. 
Sodium phosphates is also commonly present in cheese sauces as an emulsifier. 
Sodium phosphates is a strong chemical and can cause severe eye damage and can burn unprotected skin. 
Poisoning occurs if you swallow, breathe in, or spill large amounts of this substance on your skin.
Sodium phosphates is a colorless to white crystalline powder or granules. 
Sodium phosphates is prepared by neutralization of phosphoric acid under controlled conditions with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.
Sodium phosphates is a sodium phosphate.

Sodium phosphates is a solution of sodium ions and phosphate ions in water. 
Sodium phosphates is used as an electrolyte, as an additive to processed food, and in the treatment of infectious diseases. 
Sodium phosphates is also used to produce polyphosphates that are used in many industrial applications. 
The dissolution of Sodium phosphates starts with the release of hydrogen fluoride (HF). 
This reaction can be monitored using microdialysis probes inserted into the reaction solution. 
The dissociation of this compound can be studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 
In human serum, sodium phosphate inhibits the growth of bacteria by forming a complex with the sodium ion and preventing their absorption in the bloodstream.
A sodium phosphate is a generic variety of salts of sodium (Na+) and phosphate (PO3−4). Phosphate also forms families or condensed anions including di-, tri-, tetra-, and polyphosphates. 
Most of these salts are known in both anhydrous (water-free) and hydrated forms. The hydrates are more common than the anhydrous forms.

Sodium phosphates Chemical Properties
Melting point: 1340°C
density: 2.536 g/cm3(Temp: 17.5 °C)
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 20℃
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility: H2O: slightly soluble(lit.)
form: Powder
color: White
PH: 10.95(1 mM solution);11.71(10 mM solution);12.12(100 mM solution)
Odor: at 100.00%. odorless
Water Solubility: Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol and carbon disulfide.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,8662
Dielectric constant: 1.6（Ambient）
Major Application: battery precursors
catalysts
material synthesis precursor
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions:CHELATING
BUFFERING
InChI:InChI=1S/3Na.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3*+1;/p-3
InChIKey: RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K
CAS DataBase Reference: 7601-54-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium phosphates(7601-54-9)

Sodium phosphates is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water and produces a strong alkaline solution. 
On exposure to heat, Sodium phosphates decomposes and produces toxic and corrosive fumes including phosphorous oxides.
The major use for Sodium phosphates is as a cleaning agent, food additive, stain remover, and degreaser. 
Sodium phosphates of commercial grade is often partially hydrated and ranges from anhydrous trisodium phosphate, Na3PO4, to the dodecahydrate, Na3PO4 · 12H2O. 
Most often found in white powder form, it is also called trisodium orthophosphate or just plain sodium phosphate. 
Sodium phosphates reacts violently with water and acids to liberate heat. 
Sodium phosphates is corrosive and in the presence of water attacks many metals.
Sodium phosphates is an approved flux for use in hard soldering joints in medical grade copper plumbing. 
The flux is applied as a concentrated water solution and dissolves copper oxides at the temperature used in copper brazing. 
Residues are fully water soluble and can be rinsed out of plumbing before Sodium phosphates is put in service. 
Also, trisodium phosphate is still in vast use for the cleaning, degreasing, and deglossing of walls prior to painting. 
In fact, application of Sodium phosphates breaks the gloss of oil-based paints and opens the pores of latex-based paint providing a surface better suited for the adhesion of the subsequent layer of paint.

Physical properties    
The dodecahydrate is a white or colorless hexagonal crystal; density 1.62 g/cm3; melts around 75°C on rapid heating; partially loses water of crystallization at 100°C; retains the last water molecule even at moderate ignition; soluble in water, about 28 g/100 mL at 20°C; the solution is strongly alkaline; the pH of a 0.1M solution 11.5; insoluble in alcohol.

Uses    
Sodium phosphates is an emulsifier and buffer that is strongly alkaline, with a ph of 12. 
Sodium phosphates is moderately soluble in water, with a solubility of 14 g/100 ml at 25°c. 
Sodium phosphates functions as an emulsifier in processed cheese to improve texture. 
Sodium phosphates maintains viscosity and pre- vents phase separation in evaporated milk and is also found in cereals. 
Sodium phosphates is also termed trisodium orthophosphate, sodium phosphate tribasic, and trisodium monophosphate.
Sodium phosphates is a cleaning agent, lubricant, food additive, stain remover and degreaser. 
Sodium phosphates is an alkaline cleaning agent that has been used as a household cleaner for many years, but ecological problems have largely ended that practice, at least in the western world. 
Substitutes are not as effective, but the raw chemical can be bought in bulk to add to other detergents. 

Sodium phosphates works by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane and causing the contents to leak out, though the exact mechanism is not fully elucidated (Oyarzabal, 2005).
Sodium phosphates solutions are approved for treatment of beef carcasses in the US Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR 182.1778; FDA 2003).
By the end of the 20th century, many products that formerly contained TSP were manufactured with Sodium phosphates substitutes, which consist mainly of sodium carbonate along with various admixtures of nonionic surfactants and a limited percentage of sodium phosphates. 
Sodium phosphates is commonly used after cleaning with mineral spirits in order to remove hydrocarbon residues. 
Sodium phosphates may be used with household chlorine bleach in the same solution without hazardous reactions. 
This mixture is particularly good for removing mildew, but is ineffective at permanently removing mold.

Sodium phosphates have many applications in food and for water treatment. 
Sodium phosphates are often used as water-retaining agents for frozen food, thickening agents for processed food, and leavening agents for baked goods. 
Sodium phosphates is also a source of the phosphate ion (an emulsifying agent) for processed cheese, where Sodium phosphates chelates calcium, thereby allowing the casein in cheese to remain suspended and preventing separation during heating.
They are also used to control pH of processed foods.
They are also used in medicine for constipation and to prepare the bowel for medical procedures, by acting as an osmotic laxative that draws water into the bowel.
Like other phosphate salts they are used in detergents to increase their activity in hard water. 
They are also used in water softeners in addition to regular sodium chloride.
They are also useful corrosion inhibitors for preventing rusting of metal pipes.

Industrial uses    
Different salts of phosphoric and polyphosphoric acids are used in flotation. 
From this fairly large family of reagents, sodium phosphate is the preferred species. 
Sodium phosphates is a white, crystalline substance highly soluble in water. Neutralizing phosphoric acid with soda ash produces trisodium phosphate.
Mono- and disodium phosphates are rarely used.

Preparation    
Sodium phosphates may be prepared in two steps, first by adding a little excess of sodium carbonate to phosphoric acid and then boiling the solution to expel carbon dioxide. 
Sodium hydroxide is then added to the solution:
Na2CO3+ H3PO4→Na2HPO4+ CO2+ H2O
Na2HPO4+ NaOH →Na3PO4+ H2O
Alternatively, trisodium phosphate may be prepared by complete neutralization of phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide, followed by evaporation and crystallization:
H3PO4+ 3NaOH →Na3PO4+ 3H2O