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DESCRIPTION
Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate (TSGD) is a chelating agent commonly used in various industries, including cosmetics, food, and cleaning products.
TSGD (TETRASODIUM GLUTAMATE DIACETATE) is a sodium salt of a glutamic acid derivative and functions primarily as a preservative and stabilizer.
Cas Number: 51981-21-6.
SYNONYMS
tetrasodium glutamate diacetate,51981-21-6,Tetrasodium N,N-Bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate,UNII-5EHL50I4MY,5EHL50I4MY,Tetrasodium N,N-bis(carboxylatomethyl)-L-glutamate,EINECS 257-573-7,DISSOLVINE GL,CHELEST CMG-40,EC 257-573-7,L-Glutamic acid, N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-, sodium salt (1:4),DTXSID2052158,N,N-Bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamic Acid Tetrasodium Salt,L-Glutamic acid, N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-, tetrasodium salt,GLUTAMIC ACID N,N-DIACETIC ACID SODIUM SALT,GLDA,N,N-BIS(CARBOXYMETHYL)GLUTAMIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT,L-GLUTAMIC ACID-N,N-DI(ACETIC ACID) TETRASODIUM SALT,tetrasodium;(2S)-2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]pentanedioate,N,N-BIS-(CARBOXYMETHYL)-L-GLUTAMIC ACID TETRASODIUMN SALT,N,N-Bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamic acid tetrasodium salt (ca. 40% in Water),N,N-bis-(Carboxymethyl)-L-glutamic Acid Tetrasodiumn Salt (40% in water),Sodium (S)-2-(bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino)pentanedioate,MFCD01862262,DTXCID7030727,B2135TETRASODIUM GLUTAMATE DIACETATE [INCI],Q25393000,TETRASODIUM (2S)-2-[BIS(CARBOXYLATOMETHYL)AMINO]PENTANEDIOATE,tetrasodium mono((S)-2-(bis(carboxymethyl)amino)-4-carboxybutanoate)
Definition of Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate (TSGD)
Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate (TSGD) is a synthetic chelating agent, a compound that binds with metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, and iron.
TSGD is composed of glutamic acid, a naturally occurring amino acid, and sodium salts.
The compound's primary function is to stabilize and preserve products, preventing the metal ions from interacting with other ingredients and causing undesirable reactions like spoilage or discoloration.
Chemical Structure and Molecular Composition
The chemical formula of Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate is C₆H₈N₁Na₄O₄.
The molecule consists of a glutamate backbone with two acetic acid groups attached via ester bonds to the glutamate’s nitrogen.
This structure allows TSGD to efficiently bind with metal ions, preventing these ions from causing oxidation or other types of instability in various products.
Historical Background
TSGD was developed as a more effective chelating agent for food preservation, especially in processed foods and beverages where metals can affect taste, texture, and shelf life.
It has been utilized since the late 20th century, gaining approval from various health and regulatory bodies due to its low toxicity and safety profile.
Importance and Relevance in Modern Chemistry and Industry
Today, TSGD is widely used in food preservation, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications.
Its ability to form stable complexes with metal ions helps to enhance the shelf life of products and maintain their quality, making it an essential ingredient in numerous industries.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Chemical Structure and Synthesis
The structure of TSGD is designed to facilitate chelation.
It is synthesized by esterifying glutamic acid with acetic acid and reacting this intermediate with sodium hydroxide.
The result is a compound with four sodium ions that can bind to metal ions in solution.
This chemical structure is key to its function as a chelating agent.
Physical Properties
TSGD is a white crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water.
It has a relatively high melting point compared to similar compounds, making it stable under various conditions.
The solubility of TSGD in aqueous solutions makes it effective in industrial applications where liquid formulations are required.
Stability and Reactivity
TSGD is stable under most storage conditions, with high resistance to oxidation.
The presence of two acetic acid groups helps stabilize metal ion complexes, allowing TSGD to function effectively even in products with varying pH levels.
Its stability makes it a preferred choice for long-term preservation in food and cosmetics.
Interaction with Metal Ions
The primary function of TSGD is its ability to interact with and bind metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, and iron.
These ions can catalyze reactions like oxidation and discoloration, making TSGD essential in preventing these processes in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Role of TSGD in Industry
Use in Food and Beverage Industry
In the food industry, TSGD is used as a preservative and stabilizing agent.
It prevents the formation of metal-induced off-flavors and discoloration in products such as sauces, beverages, canned foods, and dairy.
TSGD’s ability to extend the shelf life of these products makes it invaluable to manufacturers.
Role in Cosmetics and Personal Care
TSGD is used in a wide range of cosmetic and personal care products such as shampoos, lotions, deodorants, and facial creams.
Its chelating properties help prevent the degradation of ingredients caused by metal ions, ensuring the stability of formulations and enhancing product efficacy.
It also helps prevent the build-up of metals in formulations, which could cause irritation or damage to the skin.
Pharmaceutical Applications
In pharmaceuticals, TSGD acts as a stabilizer, particularly in injectable drugs and oral formulations.
It helps maintain the stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) by preventing degradation that could occur due to the presence of metal ions in the formulation.
Use in Industrial Cleaning
TSGD finds use in industrial cleaning agents where metal contamination can hinder cleaning processes.
It is used in detergents and cleaners to prevent corrosion and metal ion build-up on equipment.
Its chelation helps to maintain cleaner surfaces and prevent scaling and residue accumulation.
Mechanisms of Action
Chelating Agent Mechanism
TSGD’s primary mechanism of action is its ability to bind to metal ions through its carboxyl and amino groups.
When it encounters metal ions in solution, these ions are drawn into the chelating structure of TSGD, forming a stable complex.
This prevents the metal ions from participating in reactions that could cause undesirable effects, such as catalyzing oxidation or precipitating out of solution.
Interaction with Calcium and Magnesium
The chelation of calcium and magnesium is especially important in food and beverage products, where the presence of these ions can lead to spoilage and changes in texture.
TSGD’s ability to bind these ions ensures that the texture, flavor, and color of products remain consistent over time.
Effect on Metal-Induced Reactions
In food products, metal ions can catalyze oxidation reactions that degrade the quality of oils, fats, and vitamins.
By binding these metal ions, TSGD helps prevent the oxidative spoilage of these ingredients, thereby enhancing the stability and safety of food products.
Comparison with Other Chelating Agents
TSGD is often compared with other chelating agents like Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
While EDTA is effective in binding metal ions, TSGD is considered more environmentally friendly and biodegradable.
Additionally, TSGD is less likely to cause adverse reactions, making it a safer alternative in many applications.
Environmental Impact and Degradability
Biodegradability of TSGD
TSGD is biodegradable and breaks down relatively quickly in the environment, especially in aquatic ecosystems.
Studies have shown that, when released into the environment, TSGD does not persist for long periods and does not accumulate in soil or water systems.
Impact on Ecosystems
Due to its low toxicity and biodegradability, TSGD does not pose a significant threat to aquatic or terrestrial ecosystems.
However, as with any compound, large quantities can potentially disrupt local ecosystems, which is why its usage is regulated.
Environmental Regulations
Regulatory bodies like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) have reviewed the environmental safety of TSGD.
It is classified as a low-risk substance, and studies continue to monitor its impact on the environment.
Regulatory Aspects and Approvals
FDA and EFSA Approvals
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved TSGD for use in food products, and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has reviewed its safety.
It is categorized as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) when used at recommended concentrations in food.
International Regulations
TSGD is regulated under various international guidelines.
Countries such as Japan, Australia, and Canada have adopted similar standards for its use in food and cosmetics, ensuring that products containing TSGD meet safety and efficacy standards.
Recent Research and Innovations
New Applications in Biotechnology
Recent studies have explored TSGD’s potential applications in biotechnology, particularly in enhancing the stability of proteins and enzymes used in therapeutic treatments.
TSGD in Advanced Materials
Innovations in materials science have led to the exploration of TSGD in the synthesis of nanomaterials, where its ability to bind metal ions can aid in the creation of stable, high-performance materials.
Emerging Uses in Sustainable Chemistry
TSGD’s biodegradability and low toxicity make it a promising candidate in the development of sustainable chemical processes, particularly those focused on green chemistry.
Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate (TSGD) is a versatile and safe chelating agent with widespread applications in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors.
Its ability to bind metal ions and prevent undesirable chemical reactions has made it indispensable in modern manufacturing processes.
Continued research into its safety, environmental impact, and novel applications ensures that TSGD will remain a valuable compound for years to come.
SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TSGD (TETRASODIUM GLUTAMATE DIACETATE)
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
