ACETONE

Acetone is used as a solvent for synthetic fibres and plastics.
Acetone is used as a precursor for methyl methacrylate.
Acetone is used to prepare metal before painting.

CAS Number: 67-64-1 
EC Number: 200-662-2
Molecular Formula: C3H6O / CH3-CO-CH3
Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
acetone, 67-64-1, propanone, Dimethyl ketone, propan-2-one, Pyroacetic ether, Dimethylformaldehyde, beta-Ketopropane, Dimethylketal, Chevron acetone, Ketone propane, Aceton, Pyroacetic acid, Ketone, dimethyl, dimethylketone, Acetone (natural), FEMA No. 3326, Dimethyl formaldehyde, RCRA waste number U002, Taimax, Caswell No. 004, HSDB 41, dimethylcetone, Dimethylketon, CCRIS 5953, Propanon, Azeton, NSC 135802, EINECS 200-662-2, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 004101, NSC-135802, UNII-1364PS73AF, DTXSID8021482, CHEBI:15347, AI3-01238, 1364PS73AF, DTXCID101482, EC 200-662-2, NSC135802, ACETONE (MART.), ACETONE [MART.], ACETONE (EP IMPURITY), ACETONE [EP IMPURITY], ACETONE (EP MONOGRAPH), ACETONE [EP MONOGRAPH], Acetona, ISOFLURANE IMPURITY F (EP IMPURITY), ISOFLURANE IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY], CHLOROBUTANOL IMPURITY B (EP IMPURITY), CHLOROBUTANOL IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY], USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 044101, Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association Number 3326, 200-662-2, acetone (acgih:osha), dmk, 2-propanone, Methyl ketone, Aceton [German, Dutch, Polish], Ketone, dimethyl-, MFCD00008765, .beta.-Ketopropane, Acetone [NF], (CH3)2CO, Acetone (NF), NCGC00091179-01, Acetone, for HPLC, >=99.8%, Acetone, for HPLC, >=99.9%, Acetone, ACS reagent, >=99.5%, CAS-67-64-1, ACETONE (1,3-13C2, 99%), ACETONE (1,1,1,3,3,3-D6), RCRA waste no. U002, isopropanal, methylketone, Sasetone, methyl-ketone, 2propanone, b-Ketopropane, 2-propanal, Acetone ACS, Acetone (TN), Acetone HPLC grade, methyl methyl ketone, Acetone, for HPLC, Acetone, ACS reagent, Acetone, HPLC Grade, TAK - Toxic Alcohols, ACETONE [VANDF], ACETONE [FHFI], ACETONE [HSDB], Acetone ACS low benzene, ACETONE [FCC], ACETONE [MI], CH3COCH3, ACETONE [USP-RS], ACETONE [WHO-DD], Acetone, histological grade, Acetone, analytical standard, Acetone, Environmental Grade, Acetone, Semiconductor Grade, Acetone, LR, >=99%, Acetone, natural, >=97%, UN 1091 (Salt/Mix), Aceton (GERMAN, POLISH), Acetone, puriss., 99.0%, CHEMBL14253, WLN: 1V1, Acetone [for Spectrophotometry], Acetone, AR, >=99.5%, Acetone (water < 1000 ppm), Acetone, Spectrophotometric Grade, Acetone, >=99.5%, ACS reagent, Tox21_111096, Tox21_202480, c0556, LMFA12000057, Acetone 5000 microg/mL in Methanol, Acetone, purum, >=99.0% (GC), AKOS000120890, ACETONE (2-13C, 99%), Acetone 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, UN 1090, Acetone, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, Acetone [UN1090] [Flammable liquid], Acetone, for chromatography, >=99.8%, Acetone, histological grade, >=99.5%, Acetone, JIS special grade, >=99.5%, Acetone, Laboratory Reagent, >=99.5%, NCGC00260029-01, Acetone, for HPLC, >=99.8% (GC), Acetone, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.8%, DESFLURANE IMPURITY H [EP IMPURITY], A0054, Acetone, for luminescence, >=99.5% (GC), InChI=1/C3H6O/c1-3(2)4/h1-2H, NS00003196, Acetone, suitable for determination of dioxins, Acetone, glass distilled HRGC/HPLC trace grade, C00207, D02311, Q49546, Acetone, ACS spectrophotometric grade, >=99.5%, Acetone, ReagentPlus(R), phenol free, >=99.5%, TAS - Toxic alcohols in Human serum (Quantitative), Acetone, >=99%, meets FCC analytical specifications, Acetone, ACS reagent, >=99.5%, <=2 ppm low benzene, Acetone, contains 20.0 % (v/v) acetonitrile, for HPLC, Acetone, for UV-spectroscopy, ACS reagent, >=99.7% (GC), Acetone, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, Acetone, semiconductor grade MOS PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17921), Acetone, semiconductor grade ULSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17014), Acetone, semiconductor grade VLSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17617), Acetone, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, Acetone, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5% (GC), Acetone, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, NF, >=99% (GC), Acetone, Preferred IUPAC name, Propan-2-one, 2-Propanone, Acetonum (Latin pronunciation: [aˈkeːtonum]), Dimethyl ketone, Dimethyl carbonyl, Ketone propane, β-Ketopropane, Propanone, 2-Propanone, Pyroacetic spirit (archaic), Spirit of Saturn (archaic), Acetone, Dimethyl ketone, 2-Propanone, Propanone, Ketone propane, β-Ketopropane, Acetonum, Pyroacetic acid, Pyroacetic ether, Methyl ketone, Cetona, Spirit of Saturn (archaic), Pyroacetic spirit (archaic), 2-Propanone, β-Ketopropane, Dimethyl ketone, Dimethylformaldehyde, Methyl ketone, Propanone, Pyroacetic ether, (CH3)2CO, Dimethylketal, Ketone propane, Ketone, dimethyl-, Chevron acetone, Rcra waste number U002, UN 1090, Sasetone, Propan-2-one, NSC 135802, 2-propanone, acetone NF, acetone oil, AI3-01238, beta-ketopropane, Caswell No.004, chevron acetone, dimethyl formaldehyde, dimethyl ketone, dimethylketal, DMK (=dimethyl ketone), FEMA No 3326, keto propane, ketone propane, KTI acetone, methyl acetyl, methyl ketone, pyroacetic acid, pyroacetic ether, pyroacetic spirit, STEC 4908105, Acetone, Dimethyl Ketone, DMK, Propanone, 2-Propanone, 2-proranone, propanone, propan-2-bir, dimethyl ketone, methyl ketone

Acetone is a volatile, easily liquid, the first member of the ketone group.
Acetone is a very good solvent.
Acetone is a colorless liquid.

Acetone is simple format of ketones.
Acetone is miscible in water, ethanol and ether.
Acetone also serves as an important solvent.

Acetone is a volatile liquid used as an industrial solvent.
Acetone is also one of the ketone bodies that is formed when the body uses fat instead of glucose (sugar) for energy.
The formation of acetone is usually a sign that cells lack insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin that is available, as occurs in diabetes.

Acetone is excreted from the body in the urine.
Acetone is an amphiphilic liquid that dries easily.
Acetone is an organic clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, aromatic odor that is well suited for consumer and industrial uses.

Acetone, also known as 2-propanone or dimethyl ketone (DMK), is an important chemical intermediate used in the production of acrylic plastics, polycarbonates and epoxy resins.
These materials in turn are used by many different industry sectors to produce countless everyday items.

Acetone is a strong, fast-acting solvent that is a thinner and remover for specified coatings, including polyester and epoxy resins, ink, adhesives and contact cement.
Acetone is an effective cleanup solvent after the completion of a fiberglass project, for removal of excess fiberglass resin or foreign material from solvent-tolerant surfaces.

Acetone is an organic clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, aromatic odor that is well suited for consumer and industrial uses.
Acetone is a clear, colorless liquid with sweet, aromatic odor
Acetone is a colorless, volatile, extremely flammable liquid ketone, CH3COCH3, widely used as an organic solvent.

This organic solvent, Acetone, has a chemical formula C3H6O.
Acetone is also known as propanone.
Acetone is found in the exhaust from vehicles, plants, trees and forest fires.

Acetone is also found in the human body usually present in urine and blood.
Acetone is colourless and volatile.
Acetone is miscible in water, ether, ethanol and has a pungent, floral or irritating smell.

Acetone (alternatively known as Dimethylketone, Dimethylketal or 2-Propanone, UN 1090) is a clear, colorless, liquid chemical with the formula (CH₃)₂CO.
Acetone is a water-miscible compound with a variety of everyday uses in industry, the laboratory, pharmaceuticals and the home.

Acetone is a colorless, flammable liquid commonly used in many industrial and household products.
Acetone occurs naturally in the environment and even in your body, although your body only produces it in small amounts.
Acetone is part of a group of molecules called ketones, which play a role in your metabolism.

Ketones are produced when your body creates energy by breaking down fat instead of carbs, a process known as ketosis.
Some people use ketosis as a weight loss method known as the keto diet.
Acetone is a manufactured chemical that is also naturally found in the environment.

Acetone occurs naturally in plants, trees, forest fires, vehicle exhausts, and as a breakdown product of animal fat metabolism.
Acetone is an industrial chemical.
Acetone also occurs naturally in the environment.

Acetone is a colourless liquid hydrocarbon with a sweet smell and the formula CH3COCH3.
Acetone residues vaporise quickly leaving a dry surface.
The most familiar household use of acetone is as the active ingredient in nail polish remover.

Although Acetone is common in some household and cosmetic products, it can also be found in commercial settings, where it is typically used as a thinner for lacquers or for making plastics.
Acetone is a colorless liquid that is also known as propanone.

Acetone is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) in certain concentrations, with low toxicity, but high flammability.
Acetone is a solvent that mixes well with water and evaporates quickly, making it well-suited for many household and manufacturing uses.
The FDA has determined acetone is safe for use as an indirect food additive in adhesives and food-contact coatings.

Acetone, or propanone, is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2CO.
This clear, mobile, easy-to-burn liquid, Acetone, is the simplest example of the ketones.
Acetone can be mixed with water.

Acetone is an important solvent, often to clean things in the laboratory.
Acetone is a common building block in organic chemistry.
Acetone, also known as propan-2-one, is a colourless liquid with a fruity odour.

Acetone can occur naturally and is also man-made.
Acetone has been reported in Humulus lupulus, Angelica dahurica var formosana, and other organisms with data available.
Acetone is a colorless, volatile, flammable organic solvent.

Acetone occurs naturally in plants, trees, forest fires, vehicle exhaust and as a breakdown product of animal fat metabolism.
Acetone may be normally present in very small quantities in urine and blood; larger amounts may be found in the urine and blood of diabetics.
Acetone is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketoacidosis.

Acetone is not regarded as a waste product of metabolism.
However, its physiological role in biochemical machinery is not clear.

A model for the role of acetone metabolism is presented that orders the events occurring in acetonemia in sequence: in diabetic ketosis or starvation, ketone body production (b-hydroxy-butyrate, acetoacetate) provides fuel for vital organs (heart, brain .) raising the chance of survival of the metabolic catastrophe.

However, when ketone body production exceeds the degrading capacity, the accumulating acetoacetic acid presents a new challenge to the pH regulatory system.
Acetone production and its further degradation to C3 fragments fulfill two purposes: the maintenance of pH buffering capacity and provision of fuel for peripheral tissues.

Since ketosis develops under serious metabolic circumstances, all the mechanisms that balance or moderate the effects of ketosis enhance the chance for survival.

From this point of view, the theory that transportable C3 fragments can serve as additional nutrients is a novel view of acetone metabolism which introduces a new approach to the study of acetone degradation, especially in understanding its physiological function and the interrelationship between liver and peripheral tissues.

Acetone is typically derived from acetoacetate through the action of microbial acetoacetate decarboxylases found in gut microflora.
In chemistry, acetone is the simplest representative of the ketones.
Acetone is a colorless, mobile, flammable liquid readily soluble in water, ethanol, ether, etc., and itself serves as an important solvent.

Acetone is a colorless liquid used as a solvent and an antiseptic.
Acetone is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketoacidosis.
Acetone is a manufactured chemical that is also found naturally in the environment.

Acetone is a colorless liquid with a distinct smell and taste.
Acetone evaporates easily, is flammable, and dissolves in water.
Acetone is also called dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, and beta-ketopropane.

Acetone occurs naturally in plants, trees, volcanic gases, forest fires, and as a product of the breakdown of body fat.
It is present in vehicle exhaust, tobacco smoke, and landfill sites.
Industrial processes contribute more acetone to the environment than natural processes.

Acetone appears as a clear colorless liquid with a sweetish odor.
The flash point of Acetone is 0 °F.
Acetone is less dense than water.

Vapors of Acetone are heavier than air.
Acetone is a methyl ketone that consists of propane bearing an oxo group at C2.
Acetone has a role as a polar aprotic solvent, a human metabolite and an EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor.

Acetone is a methyl ketone, a ketone body, a volatile organic compound and a member of propanones.
Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO.
Acetone is the simplest and smallest ketone (R−C(=O)−R').

Acetone is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.
Acetone is miscible with water and serves as an important organic solvent in industry, home, and laboratory.
About 6.7 million tonnes of Acetone were produced worldwide in 2010, mainly for use as a solvent and for production of methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A, which are precursors to widely used plastics

Acetone is a common building block in organic chemistry.
Acetone has volatile organic compound (VOC)-exempt status in the United States.

Acetone is produced and disposed of in the human body through normal metabolic processes.
Small quantities of Acetone are present naturally in blood and urine.
People with diabetic ketoacidosis produce it in larger amounts.

Ketogenic diets that increase ketone bodies (acetone, β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid) in the blood are used to counter epileptic attacks in children who suffer from refractory epilepsy.

About a third of the world's acetone is used as a solvent, and a quarter is consumed as acetone cyanohydrin, a precursor to methyl methacrylate.
Acetone serves as a solvent in household products such as nail polish remover and paint thinner.

USES and APPLICATIONS of ACETONE:
Industrial & Laboratory: Solvent: Acetone is widely used for dissolving plastics, resins, oils, and other organic substances
Chemical Intermediate uses of Acetone: Precursor in the synthesis of methyl methacrylate, bisphenol A, and other chemicals
Cleaning Agent: Acetone is used for degreasing and cleaning laboratory equipment

Nail Polish Remover: Primary ingredient due to Acetone's effectiveness in dissolving nail coatings
Paint Thinner: Acetone is used to thin and remove paints and varnishes
Cosmetics: Acetone is employed in some cosmetic formulations for its solvent properties

Acetone is used as a solvent in the cosmetic sector (such as nail polish remover, etc.).
Acetone is used as a thinner and solvent in the paint sector.
Acetone is widely used in synthetic yarn fabrication.

Acetone can be possible to make many organic substances in the laboratory and in the industry with numerous important chemical reactions with acetone.
Acetone is used in the production of BPA, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and chloroform intermediate.

Acetone is used in the manufacturing of cellulose acetate films and in the casting of photographic films and plates.
Acetone is used as a solvent in surface coatings, Films and adhesives.
Acetone is used in cleaning fluids.

Acetone is a chemical used to make products such as nail polish remover and paint remover.
Acetone is used as a solvent in paint and nail polish removers.
Acetone is used to make plastic, fibers, drugs, and other chemicals.

Acetone is also used to dissolve other substances.
Acetone is used to produce a variety of intermediates and non-reactive solvents like methacrylates, ketones and bisphenol A.
Acetone can also be used in vitamins, pharmaceuticals, photographic film, printing inks, paints and varnishes.

Acetone is also used in its own right as a solvent.
Applications of Acetone: Process Solvent, Chemical Intermediate
Recommended Use of Acetone: Nail polish remover, Textiles, Automotive and furniture lacquers, Adhesives and Cements, Ink solvent, Paint solvent, PVC cement, Polyurethane foam, Cleaning fluids, Methacrylates, Bisphenol A, Graffiti remover, Paint Strippers, and Pharmaceuticals.

Uses of Acetone include as a solvent for numerous organic substances and as a component of most paint and varnish removers.
Acetone is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins and fillers, smokeless powders (eg, cordite), and numerous other organic compounds.
Acetone is used to produce a variety of intermediates and non-reactive solvents like methacrylates, ketones and bisphenol A.

Acetone can also be used in vitamins, pharmaceuticals, photographic film, printing inks, paints and varnishes.
Acetone is a widely used solvent for paints, adhesives, and many other applications.
Other industrial uses of Acetone include the use as a denaturant in the pharmaceutical industry (to produce denatured alcohol).

Of the remainder, around 13% of the world’s Acetone production is used by the end user market as a solvent, providing the active ingredient in many cleaning products, nail polish removers, paint/resin/adhesive thinners and various degreasers.
Other uses include Acetone's employ as an excipient or bulking agent in certain medications and in the high street beauty industry as a component in chemical peels – a process which strips the outer layers of skin away to freshen the appearance.

Acetone is used as a solvent for paints and coatings, adhesives, cosmetics, and many other applications.
Acetone is also used as a raw material in the production of bisphenol A (an epoxy resin raw material) and of methyl methacrylate.
Acetone is widely used as an antiseptic and solvent.

Alchemists were the first to produce acetone.
Acetone is produced with the dry distillation of metal acetates.
Currently, acetone is produced by propylene either by the direct or indirect method.

Almost 83% of acetone is produced during the cumene process.
Also, there are other older methods to produce acetone.
Acetone is widely used as a solvent in laboratories and is readily soluble in water, ethanol, and other common solvents.

Acetone is used as a solvent for synthetic fibres and plastics
Acetone is used as a precursor for methyl methacrylate
Acetone is used to prepare metal before painting

Acetone is used in pharmaceutical industries in some drugs
Acetone is volatile and hence used in the laboratory to rinse lab glassware
Acetone is used as a drying agent

Acetone is used in the defatting process
Acetone is used in cosmetics such as nail polish remover
Acetone is used in the treatment of acne

Acetone is used to make plastics, fibers, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals.
Acetone is also used to dissolve other substances.

Acetone is used in the following products: coating products, anti-freeze products, lubricants and greases, adhesives and sealants, fillers, putties, plasters, modeling clay, non-metallic surface treatment products, washing and cleaning products, finger paints, lacquers and polishes, and air care products.

Acetone is used in machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints, coatings, adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners.
Acetoneis used in the manufacture of biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), polymers, laboratory chemicals, wood and wood products, fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, pulp, paper and paper products, and furniture.

Acetone is also used in mining, scientific research and development, agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Industrial acetone can be toxic and dangerous, especially in large quantities, so it's important to use proper care when handling acetone.
As a product, Acetone is commonly used to dissolve paints, oils, and other substances.

You can also find acetone in pharmaceuticals, automotive production, and cosmetics.
Acetone is a commonly used chemical that can remove labels, stickers, and tape from glass and metal surfaces.
Acetone's added to some of your favorite cleansing products to cut through dirt and grime on countertops, tiles, and fixtures.

You can also use acetone to remove stains and grease.
Test acetone on a small part of a surface to ensure it won't cause any damage before using it in larger amounts.
Dermatologists may recommend acetone to cleanse the skin before applying a chemical peel.

The acetone helps the peeling agent penetrate the skin more evenly and remove any residual makeup or debris from your skin.
Acetone is manufactured in large quantities to produce a variety of products including solvents for paints, plastics, adhesives, nail polish and varnish removers.

Acetone is also used to make other chemicals, artificial leather and rubber products and resins.
Acetone is used as a solvent in the cosmetics industry (nail polish remover).
Acetone is used as a thinner and solvent in the paint industry.

Acetone is used in industry for the production of most chemicals.
Almost half of the world's production of acetone is used as a precursor in the production of methylmethacrylate.
Acetone's second main use in industry is in the production of bisphenol A, which is the main component of most polymers such as polycarbonate, polyurethane and epoxy resins.

Acetone is used in the production of cleaning materials.
Acetone is a very good glass cleaner.

Common uses of acetone in the home are as the active ingredient in nail polish remover and as paint thinner.
Some common uses include nail polish remover, automotive or furniture lacquer, degummer or degreaser for textile products, and Acetone can even be used in plastic production.

-Medical & Pharmaceutical uses of Acetone:
*Pharmaceutical Solvent:
Acetone is used in the formulation of certain medications

*Medical Cleaning: 
Acetone is employed for cleaning surgical instruments and surfaces

*Diagnostic Reagent: 
Acetone is utilized in some laboratory tests and procedures

-Cleaning Uses of Acetone:
Acetone can also be used as a household cleaner as well, though you'll need to take precautions.
Wear gloves, keep the area well-ventilated to prevent intoxication, and avoid mixing acetone with other chemicals like chlorine or hydrogen peroxide.

-The following are ways you can use acetone to clean your home:
*Clean your bathroom:
Acetone can remove soap scum and rings in the tub or around shower doors.
Dilute acetone with water before rubbing and rinsing the surface.

*Remove stains from mugs:
If your mug has a ring of brown inside, use about one teaspoon of acetone to remove it.
Wash your mug in the dishwasher or with hot water and soap before using it again.

*Dissolve super glue:
Use a small amount of acetone to remove glue from surfaces.

*Remove stickers from glass and metal:
Applying a small amount of acetone to a cloth or paper towel can help remove stickers from glass and metal surfaces without causing damage.

*Erase scuffs on laminate or tile floors:
Mix three parts of water with one part of acetone to form a cleaning solution for your floor.
Apply the solution to a soft cloth to rub away any marks.
Avoid using this mixture on wooden floors.

-Chemical intermediate uses of Acetone:
Acetone is used to synthesize methyl methacrylate.
It begins with the initial conversion of acetone to acetone cyanohydrin via reaction with hydrogen cyanide (HCN):
(CH3)2CO + HCN → (CH3)2C(OH)CN

In a subsequent step, the nitrile is hydrolyzed to the unsaturated amide, which is esterified:
(CH3)2C(OH)CN + CH3OH → CH2C(CH3)CO2CH3 + NH3
The third major use of acetone (about 20%) is synthesizing bisphenol A.

Bisphenol A is a component of many polymers such as polycarbonates, polyurethanes, and epoxy resins.
The synthesis involves the condensation of acetone with phenol:
(CH3)2CO + 2 C6H5OH → (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2 + H2O

Many millions of kilograms of acetone are consumed in the production of the solvents methyl isobutyl alcohol and methyl isobutyl ketone.
These products arise via an initial aldol condensation to give diacetone alcohol.

2 (CH3)2CO → (CH3)2C(OH)CH2C(O)CH3
Condensation with acetylene gives 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-ol, precursor to synthetic terpenes and terpenoids.

-Solvent uses of Acetone:
Acetone is a good solvent for many plastics and some synthetic fibers.
Acetone is used for thinning polyester resin, cleaning tools used with it, and dissolving two-part epoxies and superglue before they harden.
Acetone is used as one of the volatile components of some paints and varnishes.

As a heavy-duty degreaser, Acetone is useful in the preparation of metal prior to painting or soldering, and to remove rosin flux after soldering (to prevent adhesion of dirt and electrical leakage and perhaps corrosion or for cosmetic reasons), although it may attack some electronic components, such as polystyrene capacitors.

Although itself flammable, acetone is used extensively as a solvent for the safe transportation and storage of acetylene, which cannot be safely pressurized as a pure compound.
Vessels containing a porous material are first filled with acetone followed by acetylene, which dissolves into the acetone.

One litre of acetone can dissolve around 250 litres of acetylene at a pressure of 10 bars (1.0 MPa).
Acetone is used as a solvent by the pharmaceutical industry and as a denaturant in denatured alcohol.
Acetone is also present as an excipient in some pharmaceutical drugs.

-Lab and domestic solvent uses of Acetone:
A variety of organic reactions employ acetone as a polar, aprotic solvent, e.g. the Jones oxidation.
Because acetone is cheap, volatile, and dissolves or decomposes with most laboratory chemicals, an acetone rinse is the standard technique to remove solid residues from laboratory glassware before a final wash.

Despite common desiccatory use, acetone dries only via bulk displacement and dilution.
Acetone forms no azeotropes with water (see azeotrope tables).

Acetone also removes certain stains from microscope slides.
Acetone freezes well below −78 °C.
An acetone/dry ice mixture cools many low-temperature reactions.

Make-up artists use acetone to remove skin adhesive from the netting of wigs and mustaches by immersing the item in an acetone bath, then removing the softened glue residue with a stiff brush.

Acetone is a main ingredient in many nail polish removers because it breaks down nail polish.
Acetone is used for all types of nail polish removal, like gel nail polish, dip powder and acrylic nails.

-Biology uses of Acetone:
Proteins precipitate in acetone.
The chemical modifies peptides, both at α- or ε-amino groups, and in a poorly understood but rapid modification of certain glycine residues.

In pathology, acetone helps find lymph nodes in fatty tissues (such as the mesentery) for tumor staging.
The liquid dissolves the fat and hardens the nodes, making them easier to find.

-Medical uses of Acetone:
Dermatologists use acetone with alcohol for acne treatments to chemically peel dry skin.
Common agents used today for chemical peeling are salicylic acid, glycolic acid, azelaic acid, 30% salicylic acid in ethanol, and trichloroacetic acid (TCA).

Prior to chemexfoliation, the skin is cleaned and excess fat removed in a process called defatting.
Acetone, hexachlorophene, or a combination of these agents was used in this process.

-Remove Stains
Acetone can be an effective stain remover on some materials.
Acetone can often remove difficult stains such as paints, adhesives, and some melted plastics.

However, Acetone may be too strong to apply to certain fabrics and may also remove color from them.
Acetone can also dissolve acetate fairly easily.
Acetate is another chemical commonly used in products.

If you are unsure if a piece of clothing contains acetate, do a small patch test on part of the clothing.
If the area dissolves or loses some of its color, it's not safe to use acetone on it.
If the area retains its color and texture, it's likely safe to apply acetone to the stain.

HOW TO USE ACETONE?
Acetone is most commonly used as a nail polish remover.
Here are a few tips on using Acetone that way, or as a household cleanser and stain remover.

*Remove Nail Polish
According to research, acetone is the most effective way to remove gel nail polish at home.
To start, you will need 100% acetone and cotton balls.

Although not required, you can start by applying a thin layer of petroleum jelly to your cuticle and the surrounding skin.
Next, dip cotton balls into acetone and gently rub them on the surface of your nails.

Let the acetone sit on your nails for at least 10 minutes to remove the polish.
Gel nail polish may be more difficult to remove.
Wash your hands with soap and water before moisturizing them.

USES & BENEFITS OF ACETONE:
Acetone is widely used because it is miscible with water, meaning it can easily mix with water, and evaporates quickly in the air.
Acetone is a primary ingredient in many nail polish removers.
Acetone breaks down nail polish, making it easy to remove with a cotton swab or cloth.

Acetone is used in the textile industry for degreasing wool and degumming silk.
Acetone is frequently incorporated in solvent systems or “blends,” used to make lacquers for automotive and furniture finishes.
Acetone may also be used to reduce the viscosity, or thickness, of lacquer solutions.

CHARACTERISTICS OF ACETONE:
Acetone is the ketone with the simplest structure which results in high solubility for a very wide range of organic materials.
At room temperature, acetone's high volatility means that it is a fast-drying solvent which is very useful for many applications.

BENEFITS OF ACETONE:
*Miscible with water
*Fast evaporating
*Low boiling rate

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACETONE:
Acetone is reluctant to form a hydrate:
(CH3)2C=O + H2O ⇌ (CH3)2C(OH)2 K = 10−3 M−1

Like most ketones, acetone exhibits the keto–enol tautomerism in which the nominal keto structure (CH3)2C=O of acetone itself is in equilibrium with the enol isomer (CH3)C(OH)=(CH2) (prop-1-en-2-ol).
In acetone vapor at ambient temperature, only 2.4×10−7% of the molecules are in the enol form.

In the presence of suitable catalysts, two acetone molecules also combine to form the compound diacetone alcohol (CH3)C=O(CH2)C(OH)(CH3)2, which on dehydration gives mesityl oxide (CH3)C=O(CH)=C(CH3)2.
This product can further combine with another acetone molecule, with loss of another molecule of water, yielding phorone and other compounds.

Acetone is a weak Lewis base that forms adducts with soft acids like I2 and hard acids like phenol.
Acetone also forms complexes with divalent metals.

Under ultraviolet light, acetone fluoresces.
The flame temperature of pure acetone is 1980 °C.

*Polymerisation
At its melting point (−96 °C) is claimed to polymerize to give a white elastic solid, soluble in acetone, stable for several hours at room temperature.
To do so, a vapor of acetone is co-condensed with magnesium as a catalyst onto a very cold surface.

NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF ACETONE:
Humans exhale several milligrams of acetone per day.
It arises from decarboxylation of acetoacetate.

Small amounts of acetone are produced in the body by the decarboxylation of ketone bodies.
Certain dietary patterns, including prolonged fasting and high-fat low-carbohydrate dieting, can produce ketosis, in which acetone is formed in body tissue.

Certain health conditions, such as alcoholism and diabetes, can produce ketoacidosis, uncontrollable ketosis that leads to a sharp, and potentially fatal, increase in the acidity of the blood.
Since it is a byproduct of fermentation, acetone is a byproduct of the distillery industry.

METABOLISM OF ACETONE:
Acetone can then be metabolized either by CYP2E1 via methylglyoxal to D-lactate and pyruvate, and ultimately glucose/energy, or by a different pathway via propylene glycol to pyruvate, lactate, acetate (usable for energy) and propionaldehyde.

RELATES COMPOUNDS OF ACETONE:    
*Butanone
*Isopropyl alcohol
*Formaldehyde
*Urea
*Carbonic acid

REACTIVITY OF ACETONE:
*Acetone undergoes keto-enol tautomerism
*Acetone participates in aldol condensation reactions
*Acetone forms complexes with Lewis acids
*Acetone can polymerize under certain conditions

STABILITY OF ACETONE:
Stable Acetone under normal conditions but forms peroxides upon prolonged exposure to air

HOW IS ACETONE PRODUCED?
Acetone is a naturally occurring chemical which is a by-product of normal metabolic processes in humans, animals and plants.
Industrial acetone is usually produced as a by-product from phenol production and is derived, in this instance, from propylene and benzene, which are the main raw materials used to make phenol.

The world annual production of acetone is several millions of tons.
Acetone is produced in over 40 different countries including the UK and Europe, Africa and America and is moved around the globe by chemical manufacturers, distributors and stockists.

STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF ACETONE:
Acetone is stored in contract bulk petrochemical sites or at stockists own premises either in mild steel bulk storage tanks and/or new or reconditioned steel drums or isotanks.
Acetone can be transported by bulk vessels or tank trucks.
The specific gravity (SG) of acetone is 0.8.

WHAT IS ACETONE USED FOR?
The uses for Acetone are many and diverse.
The most common uses of Acetone are as a precursor to other chemicals, primarily to methyl methacrylate in the ever-growing plastics and PVC industries.
It’s approximated that 75% of acetone produced by chemical manufacturers is utilised this way.

PRODUCTION OF ACETONE:
In 2010, the worldwide production capacity for acetone was estimated at 6.7 million tonnes per year.
With 1.56 million tonnes per year, the United States had the highest production capacity, followed by Taiwan and China.

The largest producer of acetone is INEOS Phenol, owning 17% of the world's capacity, with also significant capacity (7–8%) by Mitsui, Sunoco and Shell in 2010.

INEOS Phenol also owns the world's largest production site (420,000 tonnes/annum) in Beveren (Belgium).
Spot price of acetone in summer 2011 was 1100–1250 USD/tonne in the United States.

*Current method
Acetone is produced directly or indirectly from propene.
Approximately 83% of acetone is produced via the cumene process; as a result, acetone production is tied to phenol production.
In the cumene process, benzene is alkylated with propylene to produce cumene, which is oxidized by air to produce phenol and acetone:

*Overview of the cumene process
Other processes involve the direct oxidation of propylene (Wacker-Hoechst process), or the hydration of propylene to give 2-propanol, which is oxidized (dehydrogenated) to acetone.

WHAT IS ACETONE USED FOR?
Acetone is a solvent, which means it can break down or dissolve substances such as paint and varnish.
That's why Acetonean ingredient in nail polish removers, varnish removers, and paint removers.

Companies also use Acetone to remove grease from wool, reduce the stickiness of silk, and make protective coatings for furniture and cars.
Because Acetone can dissolve sticky substances, you can use it at home to spot-clean hard surfaces such as tile or granite.

The first member of the ketone class is dimethyl ketone.
Acetone's closed formula is C3H6O, and its boiling point is 56 °C.

Acetone combines with water, ethanol and ether in all proportions.
Acetone has a sharp odor.

Acetone is obtained from the dry distillation of wood; from the heating of calcium acetate; in technology, from the dehydrogenation of isopropanol with copper catalysts at 250 °C; from the mixture of ethanol and water vapor at 250 °C in the gas phase with Fe2O3 catalyst.

If acetone and sodium nitrosyl prussiate are mixed in a basic environment, a red precipitate occurs, and acetone is detected.
An important reaction is the formation of iodoform with elemental iodine in a basic environment.
Acetone is found in cigarettes.

HOW IS ACETONE USED?
Based on the most recent data, acetone is manufactured in Canada as a by-product of industrial processes.
Acetone is also imported into Canada.
In Canada, acetone is used in a variety of ways, including as an industrial and laboratory solvent, as a cleaner and degreaser, and in paints, dyes, adhesives and coatings.

Globally, the largest uses of acetone are solvent uses and for the production of the chemicals methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A.
Small amounts of acetone may also be used in food, food packaging, pharmaceuticals and natural health products, veterinary drugs, cosmetics and pest control products.

*Preparation of acetone
In the industry 83% of acetone is produced by cumene process.
In the cumene process, benzene is alkylated with propylene to produce cumene, which is oxidized by air to produce phenol and acetone.

*Chemical properties of acetone
Keto/enol tautomerism:
Acetone shows keto-enol tautomerism.

*Haloform Reaction
Acetone undergoes haloform reaction due to presence of CH3-C=O group, it reacts with halogen in presence of alkali to form haloform and acid salt.

NAME OF ACETONE:
From the 17th century, and before modern developments in organic chemistry nomenclature, acetone was given many different names.
They included "spirit of Saturn", which was given when it was thought to be a compound of lead and, later, "pyro-acetic spirit" and "pyro-acetic ester".

Prior to the name "acetone" being coined by French chemists (see below), it was named "mesit" (from the Greek μεσίτης, meaning mediator) by Carl Reichenbach, who also claimed that methyl alcohol consisted of mesit and ethyl alcohol.

Names derived from mesit include mesitylene and mesityl oxide which were first synthesised from acetone.
Unlike many compounds with the acet- prefix which have a 2-carbon chain, acetone has a 3-carbon chain.

That has caused confusion because there cannot be a ketone with 2 carbons.
The prefix refers to acetone's relation to vinegar (acetum in Latin, also the source of the words "acid" and "acetic"), rather than its chemical structure.

HISTORY OF ACETONE:
Acetone was first produced by Andreas Libavius in 1606 by distillation of lead(II) acetate.
In 1832, French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas and German chemist Justus von Liebig determined the empirical formula for acetone.

In 1833, French chemists Antoine Bussy and Michel Chevreul decided to name acetone by adding the suffix -one to the stem of the corresponding acid (viz, acetic acid) just as a similarly prepared product of what was then confused with margaric acid was named margarone.

By 1852, English chemist Alexander William Williamson realized that acetone was methyl acetyl; the following year, the French chemist Charles Frédéric Gerhardt concurred.
In 1865, the German chemist August Kekulé published the modern structural formula for acetone.

Johann Josef Loschmidt had presented the structure of acetone in 1861, but his privately published booklet received little attention.
During World War I, Chaim Weizmann developed the process for industrial production of acetone (Weizmann Process)
Older methods

Previously, acetone was produced by the dry distillation of acetates, for example calcium acetate in ketonic decarboxylation.
Ca(CH3COO)2 → CaO(s) + CO2(g) + (CH3)2CO

After that time, during World War I, acetone was produced using acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation with Clostridium acetobutylicum bacteria, which was developed by Chaim Weizmann (later the first president of Israel) in order to help the British war effort,[24][43] in the preparation of Cordite.
This acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation was eventually abandoned when newer methods with better yields were found.

HOW ACETONE GETS INTO THE ENVIRONMENT:
Acetone enters the air, water and soil following natural process such as forest fires, but to a greater extent from human activities.
These include Acetone's manufacture and use, from vehicle exhausts and tobacco smoke, as well as from burning waste and from landfills.

Acetone released in the environment usually degrades in a matter of days and does not build up.
Acetone is broken down by sunlight and bacteria in soil and water.
Therefore, levels of acetone in the environment would be expected to be low.

KETOSIS, ACETONE:
Acetone is also a natural ketone made in our bodies.
When we eat fewer carbs, our bodies burn fat for energy.
This process creates acetoacetate, which can turn into beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetone.

The presence of acetone indicates that our bodies are in ketosis, using fat instead of carbs for fuel.
Ketosis can even be detected in your breath, which helps people on ketogenic (keto) diets or those with diabetes monitor their ketone levels.

Normally, our bodies handle acetone production well.
However, too many ketones can cause diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in people with uncontrolled diabetes.
Symptoms of DKA may start out mild, but they can progress into serious symptoms such as breathing problems and passing out.

For those on a keto diet, acetone helps with metabolism, weight loss, and brain function.
Knowing about acetone's role helps us make better dietary choices and manage our health more effectively.

Some research suggests increasing acetone levels in the brain through a ketogenic diet may help control seizures in people with epilepsy, but more research is needed.

ACETONE IN YOUR BODY:
Your body also makes Acetone when it breaks down fat.
Acetone is safe in normal amounts, but too much of it could be a problem.
Here’s what you need to know.

Acetone in Your Body
Your body uses sugar, or glucose, for energy.
After you eat, the hormone insulin moves glucose out of your bloodstream into your cells.
If your body doesn't make enough insulin or you eat very few carbs, you can't use glucose for fuel.
So, your body burns fat instead.

Acetone and ketones
As your liver breaks down stored fat, it makes chemicals called ketones.
Acetone is one of these ketones.
When fat is your body's primary source of fuel, you make extra ketones; having too many is called ketosis.

ACETONE THE CHEMICAL:
Acetone is also a chemical that's found in nature, as well as in many products you might use at home.
All of these things release acetone:
*Trees and other plants, forest fires
*Volcanoes
*Landfills
*Car exhaust
*Tobacco

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ACETONE:
Molecular Formula: C3H6O
CH3-CO-CH3
Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 58.041864811 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 58.041864811 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 17.1 Ų

Heavy Atom Count: 4
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 26.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Canonicalized: Yes

Chemical formula: C3H6O
Molar mass: 58.080 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colourless liquid
Odor: Pungent, fruity
Density: 0.7845 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point: −94.9 °C (−138.8 °F; 178.2 K)
Boiling point: 56.08 °C (132.94 °F; 329.23 K)
Solubility in water: Miscible
Solubility: Miscible in benzene, diethyl ether, methanol, chloroform, ethanol
log P: −0.24

Vapor pressure:
9.39 kPa (0 °C)
30.6 kPa (25 °C)
374 kPa (100 °C)
2.8 MPa (200 °C)
Acidity (pKa):
19.16 (H2O)
26.5 (DMSO)

Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −33.8·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.161 W/(m·K) (25 °C)
Refractive index (nD): 1.3588 (20 °C)
Viscosity: 0.306 mPa·s (25 °C)
Structure:
Coordination geometry: Trigonal planar at C2
Molecular shape: Dihedral at C2
Dipole moment: 2.88 D

Thermochemistry:
Heat capacity (C): 126.3 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 199.8 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −248.4 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −1.79 MJ/mol
CAS number: 67-64-1
EC index number: 606-001-00-8
EC number: 200-662-2

Grade: ACS, ISO, Reag. Ph Eur
Hill Formula: C₃H₆O
Chemical formula: CH₃COCH₃
Molar Mass: 58.08 g/mol
HS Code: 2914 11 00
Boiling point: 56.2 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.79 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 2.6 - 12.8 %(V)

Flash point: -17.0 °C
Ignition temperature: 465 °C DIN 51794
Melting Point: -94.0 °C
pH value: 5 - 6 (395 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 533.3 hPa (39.5 °C)
Water absorption: 1000 g/kg
Name: Acetone
Formula: C3H6O
Chemical Safety: Flammable, Irritant
Molar Mass: 58.08 g/mol

Flash Point: <–20°C
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): 2.5%VOL
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): 14.3%VOL at 100°C
Cas No: 67-64-1
EINECS No: 200-662-2
Chemical Formula: C3H6O
Physical Properties: Colorless Liquid
Purity (%): 99.9
Density (Kg/Litre): 0.7909

Flash point, °C: -18
Boiling Point, °C: 56
Compound Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: pungent, weakly aromatic
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point/range: -94 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 56 °C at 1.013 hPa - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available

Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: 
Upper explosion limit: 13 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 2 %(V)
Flash point: -17,0 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 465,0 °C
Decomposition temperature: Distillable in an undecomposed state at normal pressure.
pH: 5 - 6 at 395 g/l at 20 °C

Viscosity: Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble, in all proportions
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 245,3 hPa at 20,0 °C
Density: 0,791 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available

Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Conductivity: 0,01 µS/cm at 20 °C
Surface tension: 23,2 mN/m at 20,0 °C
Formula: CH3COCH3

Molecular Weight: 58
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Melting Point (℃): -94
Boiling Point (℃): 56
Specific Gravity: 0.79
Flash Point (℃): -21
Autoignition Temperature (℃): 540
Flammability Range (%): 2.6～12.8

Solubility parameter: 10
Boiling point: 133°F
Molecular weight: 58.1
Freezing point/melting point: -137°F
Vapor pressure: 180 mmHg
Flash point: 0°F
Specific gravity: 0.791
Ionization potential: 9.69 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL): 2.5%
Upper explosive limit (UEL): 12.8%

NFPA health rating: 1
NFPA fire rating: 3
NFPA reactivity rating: 0
CAS Number: 67-64-1
EC Number: 200-662-2
Molecular Formula: C₃H₆O
Molar Mass: 58.08 g/mol
Chemical Structure: CH₃–CO–CH₃
Appearance: Colorless, volatile liquid with a sweet, fruity odor
Density: 0.7845 g/cm³ at 20 °C

Melting Point: −94.7 °C
Boiling Point: 56.05 °C
Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, benzene, and most oils
Vapor Pressure: 24.46 kPa at 20 °C
Flash Point: −20 °C (closed cup)
Autoignition Temperature: 465 °C
Dielectric Constant: 21.01
Refractive Index: 1.3588 at 20 °C
Viscosity: 0.32 cP at 20 °C
Odor Threshold: 13–62 ppm 

FIRST AID MEASURES of ACETONE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation: 
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact: 
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: 
Rinse out with plenty of water. 
Call in ophthalmologist. 
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing: 
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). 
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ACETONE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains. 
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. 
Observe possible material restrictions. 
Take up dry. 
Dispose of properly. 
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ACETONE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 
Foam 
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ACETONE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection. 
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A 
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of ACETONE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. 
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ACETONE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available