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EC / List no.: 215-139-4 / 684-873-9
CAS no.: 1305-79-9 / 78403-22-2
Calcium peroxide or calcium dioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula CaO2.
Calcium peroxide is the peroxide (O22−) salt of Ca2+. Commercial samples can be yellowish, but the pure compound is white.
Calcium peroxide is almost insoluble in water.
Structure and stability
As a solid, it is relatively stable against decomposition.
In contact with water however it hydrolyzes with release of oxygen. Upon treatment with an acid, it forms hydrogen peroxide.
Preparation
Calcium peroxide is produced by combining calcium salts and hydrogen peroxide:
Ca(OH)2 + H2O2 → CaO2 + 2 H2O
The octahydrate precipitates upon the reaction of calcium hydroxide with dilute hydrogen peroxide.
Upon heating it dehydrates.
Applications
Calcium peroxide is mainly used as an oxidant to enhance the extraction of precious metals from their ores.
In its second main application, it is used as a food additive under the E number E930 it is used as flour bleaching agent and improving agent.
In agriculture it is used in the presowing treatments of rice seed.
Also, calcium peroxide has found use in aquaculture to oxygenate and disinfect water. In the ecological restoration industry it is used in the treatment of soils.
Calcium peroxide is used in a similar manner to magnesium peroxide for environmental restoration programs.
Calcium peroxide is used to restore soil and groundwater contaminated with petroleum by the process of enhanced in-situ bioremediation.
Calcium peroxide is a minor component of some dentifrices.
Calcium peroxide is also used for curing polythioether polymers by oxidising terminal thiol groups to disulphide bridges.
Calcium peroxide is used as oxygen source in the leaching of gold and silver ores with cyanide to improve precious metal recovery and leaching kinetics.
A relatively new application for CaO2 is as a peroxide source in toothpaste and dental chewing gum products.
Calcium peroxide is also used in limited quantities as a hardening accelerator for sulfide rubber, as dough conditioner in the baking industry, and as a nontoxic disinfectant for seed and grain.
An important application of calcium peroxide is for curing the polysulfide sealants used in double glazing window units. Calcium peroxide is also used at several gold mines in Australia to increase recovery of gold and reduce the consumption of cyanide.
Calcium peroxide (PermeOx) is also used to improve the bioremediation of soils contaminated with creosote or kerosene, to deodorize sewage sludges and wastewater, and to dechlorinate wastewater and effluents.
A special formulation of calcium peroxide is used for removing metal ions from acidic waste streams such as coal ash leachate and acid mine drainage.
Calcium peroxide appears as a grayish white granular material. Used in baking, in medicine, in bleaching oils.
Calcium peroxide is a member of calcium oxides.
Industry Uses
• Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
• Oxidizing/reducing agents
• Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
• leavening agent
General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
• Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting
• All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
• Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
• Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities
Chemical Properties White or yellowish powder; odorless; almost tasteless.
Decomposes at approximately 200C.
Almost insoluble in water, soluble in acids with formation of hydrogen peroxide.
Available oxygen 22.2% (min 13.3% in technical grade).
Chemical Properties
Calcium peroxide is a grayish-white or yellowish odorless crystalline solid.
Physical properties
For all practical purposes, calcium peroxide is insoluble in water but will dissolve in acid to form H2O2.
When in contact with water, it will immediately begin to decompose releasing oxygen.
Uses:
Calcium peroxide is an ecologically pure substance that has been used in various fields of industry and agriculture.
In environmental protection, it is used:
• For treating wastewater and remediation of groundwater
• For decontaminating soil
In agriculture, it is used:
• As a fertilizer rich with oxygen
• For stimulating seed growth and their germination capability
• For presowing treatment of rice seed, which allows to do planting not by seedlings, but by dry seeds, coated with calcium peroxide.
Such a technique sufficiently decreases the work expenditure and increases crop capacity.
In aquaculture, it is used:
• To provide sufficient dissolved oxygen
• To adjust pH value
• To reduce the subaqueous content of ammonium and nitrogen
• To eliminate carbon dioxide and sulfureted hydrogen
• To prevent anaerobic bacteria from proliferation and application to manure heaps to kill disease-carrying bacteria originating from animal defecation.
In poultry raising, it is used:
• To decontamination of fodder
• To increase productivity, safety from disease in hens and improving their eggs.
In cattle breeding, it is used:
• For prophylaxis of casein-stone formation in the abdomen and to prevent diarrhea with newborn calves
• As an antimicrobic agent to prevent disease
• For stimulating protective organism strength
• For normalizing activity of the alimentary canal
• For activating digestion work
• For great increasing live-stock safety.
In the bakery industry, it is used:
• To improve bread crumb and its porosity
• To keep moisture in dough during its baking
• To initiate yeast growth.
Calcium Peroxide is a dough conditioner which exists as a white or yellowish powder or granule that is insoluble in water. Calcium peroxide improves dough strength, grain, and texture, and increases absorption and crumb resiliency.
Calcium peroxide is used in bakery products.
Stabilizer for rubber.
General Description
A grayish white granular material. Used in baking, in medicine, in bleaching oils.
Calcium peroxide (CaO2) is a fast oxidising agent used as a processing aid or dough conditioner in the production of yeast-leavened bakery products.
This ingredient is necessary when gluten needs to be reinforced because of a non-optimal flour quality.
The action of calcium peroxide ceases during baking, where it breaks down to calcium and oxygen at high temperatures.
Calcium peroxide also serves the following purposes:
Increases the water absorption of the dough
Strengthen the gluten structure by encouraging disulphide bonding between gliadins and glutenins
Produces a dry and elastic dough with improved handling or machinability, which is very useful in the make-up stage
Calcium peroxide is chemically synthesized from calcium salt and sodium peroxide.
Origin
Calcium peroxide is made by the addition of hydrogen peroxide to slaked lime (calcium hydroxide),
then dried to form a powder:
Ca(OH)2 + H2O2 → CaO2 + 2 H2O
Function
Once it comes in contact with water, calcium peroxide breaks down.
This ingredient works by fixing the oxygen incorporated into the dough during mixing.
This triggers a chemical process that reinforces the bonding of protein chains by creating disulfide bonds (cross-linking) from sulfhydryl groups of proteins, leading to a stronger gluten structure.
Application
The recommended usage level is usually 20–35 ppm.
However, the amount scaled should be calculated or adjusted according to the process and flour characteristics. The following are some recommendations when using calcium peroxide:
To avoid any potentially negative effect on dough extensibility, it is very important to precisely control the amount of calcium peroxide added.
If dosing in a tablet form, special care must be taken during scaling so as not to violate regulation limits, nor compromise the quality of the dough through high or low dosing.
The bakery should know the concentration of oxidizing agent per tablet, as this will determine the number of tablets to use.
Calcium peroxide is especially useful in no-time dough processes, where there is no pre-fermentation that promotes natural oxidation and maturation.
Calcium peroxide is used at lower levels, or even not used in pre-ferment production systems, since the elastic/liquid sponge has already been matured during first fermentation step (the acid environment strengthen the protein bonds).
As a rule of thumb, the weaker the flour (i.e., the lower its protein content), the more calcium peroxide is needed for the dough to properly develop.
This type of oxidizing agent is also useful in the production of frozen bakery products.
Here, the calcium peroxide acts as strengthener of the dough prior to the freezing process.
By improving the quality of the gluten structure, the product can better retain water during thawing.
Calcium Peroxide is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
General description
Calcium peroxide (CP) is a peroxide compound that releases oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.
Calcium peroxide (CP) is a safe inorganic peroxy compound in a solid form of oxygen.
Calcium peroxide (CP) can be used in the remediation of contaminated sites.
Calcium peroxide (CP) has the ability to construct a permeable reactive barrier system by acting as oxygen releasing material (OSM).
Application areas
Calcium peroxide (CP) can be used as an amendment that facilitates the supplying of oxygen for agriculture, horticulture and biotechnology applications.
Toothpaste
Dental bleaching formulation
Flour bleaching agent
Dough conditioner
Oxygen fertilizer
Seed treatment
Soil remediation
Oxygenation/water disinfection
Oil and gas
Polymerization
Antiseptic
Sealants
Cattle breeding
Decontamination of poultry fodder
Leaching agent
Calcium peroxide is widely used in the baking industry as a dough conditioning agent.
Calcium peroxide has application in oral care formations and as a seed coating for grains and vegetables.
Calcium peroxide is also used as an oxygen source in environmental and industrial applications.
Calcium peroxide slow oxygen release properties making it an ideal, cost-effective and natural alternative for use in soil remediation and in other environmental/industrial applications.
As a non-halogenated conditioning agent for the baking industry, it strengthens the gluten wall in dough for better texture, moisture retention and yield.
Calcium peroxide also has applications in oral care and agriculture to promote seed germination.
Appearance: Powder
Color: White to yellow
Odor: None
Allergens: None
Shelf life: 3 years
IUPAC NAMES:
calcium dioxidanediide
calcium peroxide
Calcium peroxide hydrate
calcium;peroxide
SYNONYMS:
CALCIUM PEROXIDE
Calcium dioxide
1305-79-9
calcium;peroxide
Calper
Calper G
UNII-7FRO2ENO91
peroxidocalcium
Calciumperoxid
Kalziumperoxid
Calcium peroxide (Ca(O2))
HSDB 965
cyc-CaO2
EINECS 215-139-4
Calcium peroxide [UN1457] [Oxidizer]
Calciumperoxid
CALCIUMPEROXIDE,FCC
Calcium superoxide
CALCIUM PEROXIDE
CALCIUM PEROXIDE HYDRATE
CALCIUM DIOXIDE
calciumperoxide[ca(o2)]
calper
calperg
Fertilox
Oxy-Gro
Calcium peroxide, typically 65%
Calcium peroxide, typically 50-60%
CaO2, pyrite
Ca(O2)
Calcium peroxide (Ca(O2))
Calciumhyperoxide
calciumoxide[ca2o2]
calciumoxide[cao2]
calciumperoxide(ca(o2))
Calcium peroxide,20%,as CaO2
Calcium Peroxide, Typically
CALCIUM PEROXIDE, 60%, CaO2
CALCIUM PEROXIDE, 20%, CaO2
Calcium peroxide, as CaO2
Peroxycalcium
