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E 330 CITRIC ACID ANHYDRATE

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate occurs as colourless crystals or as white, crystalline powder with a strongly acidic taste.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is extremely soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol (96%) and sparingly soluble in ether.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a white, crystalline, weak organic acid present in most plants and many animals as an intermediate in cellular respiration.

CAS Number: 77-92-9
Molecular Formula: C6H8O7
Molecular Weight: 192.12
EINECS Number: 201-069-1

Synonyms: lactic acid, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, DL-Lactic acid, 50-21-5, 2-hydroxypropionic acid, Milk acid, lactate, Tonsillosan, Racemic lactic acid, Ordinary lactic acid, Ethylidenelactic acid, Lactovagan, Acidum lacticum, 26100-51-6, Milchsaeure, Lactic acid, dl-, Kyselina mlecna, Lacticum acidum, DL-Milchsaeure, Lactic acid USP, (+/-)-Lactic acid, Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, Aethylidenmilchsaeure, 598-82-3, 1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylic acid, alpha-Hydroxypropionic acid, Lactic acid (natural), (RS)-2-Hydroxypropionsaeure, FEMA No. 2611, Milchsaure, Kyselina 2-hydroxypropanova, Lurex, Propionic acid, 2-hydroxy-, Purac FCC 80, Purac FCC 88, Cheongin samrakhan, FEMA Number 2611, CCRIS 2951, HSDB 800, Cheongin Haewoohwan, Cheongin Haejanghwan, SY-83, 2-Hydroxypropionicacid, (+-)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, Biolac, NSC 367919, Lactic acid, tech grade, Chem-Cast, alpha-Hydroxypropanoic acid, AI3-03130, HIPURE 88, DL- lactic acid, EINECS 200-018-0, EINECS 209-954-4, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 128929, Lactic acid,buffered, NSC-367919, UNII-3B8D35Y7S4, 2-Hydroxy-2-methylacetic acid, BRN 5238667, INS NO.270, DTXSID7023192, (+/-)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid, CHEBI:78320, INS-270, 3B8D35Y7S4, E 270, MFCD00004520, LACTIC ACID (+-), .alpha.-Hydroxypropanoic acid, .alpha.-Hydroxypropionic acid, DTXCID003192, E-270, EC 200-018-0, NCGC00090972-01, 2-hydroxy-propionic acid, (R)-2-Hydroxy-propionic acid;H-D-Lac-OH, C01432, Milchsaure [German], Lactic acid [JAN], Kyselina mlecna [Czech], Propanoic acid, hydroxy-, CAS-50-21-5, 2 Hydroxypropanoic Acid, 2 Hydroxypropionic Acid, Kyselina 2-hydroxypropanova [Czech], Lactic acid [USP:JAN], lactasol, 1-Hydroxyethane 1-carboxylic acid, acido lactico, DL-Milchsaure, (2RS)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, Lactate (TN), 4b5w, Propanoic acid, (+-), DL-Lactic Acid, Racemic, LACTIC ACID (II), (.+/-.)-Lactic acid, Lactic acid (7CI,8CI), Lactic acid (JP17/USP), Lactic acid, 85%, FCC, Lactic Acid, Racemic, USP, NCIOpen2_000884, (+-)-LACTIC ACID, DL-LACTIC ACID [MI], LACTIC ACID [WHO-IP], (RS)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid, LACTIC ACID, DL-(II), LACTICUM ACIDUM [HPUS], 1-hydroxyethane carboxylic acid, 33X04XA5AT, DL-Lactic Acid (90per cent), CHEMBL1200559, Lactic acid, natural, >=85%, BDBM23233, L-lactic acid or dl-lactic acid, Lactic Acid, 85 Percent, FCC, LACTIC ACID, DL- [II], DL-Lactic acid, ~90% (T), DL-Lactic acid, AR, >=88%, DL-Lactic acid, LR, >=88%, DL- LACTIC ACID [WHO-DD], LACTIC ACID (EP MONOGRAPH), Lactic Acid, 10 Percent Solution, HY-B2227, LACTIC ACID (USP MONOGRAPH), Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy- (9CI), Tox21_111049, Tox21_202455, Tox21_303616, NSC367919, AKOS000118855, AKOS017278364, Tox21_111049_1, ACIDUM LACTICUM [WHO-IP LATIN], AM87208, DB04398, SB44647, SB44652, Propanoic acid,2-hydroxy-,(.+/-.)-, 2-Hydroxypropionic acid, DL-Lactic acid, NCGC00090972-02, NCGC00090972-03, NCGC00257515-01, NCGC00260004-01, 26811-96-1, Lactic Acid, 85 Percent, Reagent, ACS, CS-0021601, FT-0624390, FT-0625477, FT-0627927, FT-0696525, FT-0774042, L0226, EN300-19542, Lactic acid, meets USP testing specifications, D00111, F71201, A877374, DL-Lactic acid, SAJ first grade, 85.0-92.0%, Q161249, DL-Lactic acid, JIS special grade, 85.0-92.0%, F2191-0200, Z104474158, BC10F553-5D5D-4388-BB74-378ED4E24908, Lactic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, Lactic acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, DL-Lactic acid 90%, synthetic, meets the analytical specifications of Ph. Eur., 152-36-3, BETZ 6251;BETZ 0623;CITRIC ACID FREE ACID, ANHYDROUS PLANTCE LL CULTURE;CITRIC ACID 99.5+% FCC;CITRIC ACID, 500MG, NEAT;Citric acid, anhydrous, for analysis ACS, 99.6%;Citric acid, anhydrous, for analysis, 99.5%;Citric acid, anhydrous, pure, 99%

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is an additive but it is naturally found in citrus fruits, giving citrus fruits their tart flavour.
Commercially it is produced using microbial fermentation of a carbohydrate substrate.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is the most widely used organic acid and pH-control agent in foods and beverages.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate contains three carboxyl groups making it a carboxylic, more specifically a tricarboxylic, acid the name citrus originates from the Greek kedromelon meaning apple of melon for the fruit citron. Greek works mention kitron, kitrion, or kitreos for citron fruit, which is an oblong fruit several inches long from the scrublike tree Citrus medica.
Lemons and limes have high citric acid content, which may account for up to 8% of the fruit's dry weight.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a weak acid and loses hydrogen ions from its three carboxyl groups (COOH) in solution the loss of a hydrogen ion from each group in the molecule results in the citrate ion,C3H5O(COO)33.
A citric acid molecule also forms intermediate ions when one or two hydrogen atoms in the carboxyl groups ionize the citrate ion combines with metals to form salts, the most common of which is calcium citrate.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate forms esters to produce various citrates, for example trimethyl citrate and triethyl citrate.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is soluble 66 % in water, 33% in alcohol, 3% in ether.
Soluble about 20% in Propylene glycol virtually odorless.
The aqueous solution has a clean acid taste, pleasant in the concentration of 0.02 to 0.08%.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a weak organic acid with the formula C6H8O7.
It is a natural preservative / conservative and is also used to add an acidic, or sour, taste to foods and soft drinks.
In biochemistry, the conjugate base of E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, citrate, is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a commodity chemical, and more than a million tonnes are produced every year by fermentation.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used mainly as an acidifier, as a flavoring, and as a chelating agent.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, is a form of citric acid that has had all its water content removed, resulting in a dry, crystalline powder.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a naturally occurring weak organic acid that is commonly found in citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, and oranges, where it contributes to their tart, sour flavor.
As an additive, it is widely used in the food and beverage industry, where it functions as a preservative, flavor enhancer, and acidity regulator, helping to maintain freshness, balance pH, and improve the taste profile of various products.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is often produced through fermentation of sugar-based substances using microorganisms such as Aspergillus niger, rather than being directly extracted from fruits, making it more economical and suitable for industrial-scale use.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrates anhydrous form is particularly valued in applications that require a dry, stable powder with a longer shelf life and consistent acidity when dissolved.
It is a weak organic acid naturally found in citrus fruits, providing the acidic taste and makes citrus fruits taste sour.
Also, it plays an important part in the metabolism of most living things as an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle or Krebs cycle.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is an organic compound with the chemical formula HOC(CO2H)(CH2CO2H)2.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a colorless weak organic acid.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate occurs naturally in citrus fruits.

In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms.
More than two million tons of citric acid are manufactured every year.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used widely as an acidier, as a avoring, and a chelating agent.

A citrate is a derivative of citric acid; that is, the salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion found in solution.
An example of the former, a salt is trisodium citrate; an ester is triethyl citrate.
When part of a salt, the formula of the citrate anion is written as C6H5O3−7 or C3H5O(COO)3−3.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is also known under the E-number E330.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a weak organic acid.
It is mainly used for flavouring and as a preservative in food and beverages.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, white crystalline solid, decomposes at higher temperatures, sp gr 1.542.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is soluble in H2O or alcohol and slightly soluble in ether.
The compound is a tribasic acid, forming mono-, di-, and tri- series of salts and esters.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate occurs in large amounts is citrus fruits, and is used widely in industry as an acidifier, as a flavoring and chelating agent, pKa values are 5.21, 4.28 and 2.92 at 25 °C (extrapolated to zero ionic strength).
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a good buffering agent for solutions between about pH 2 and pH 8.
It is popular in many buffers in many techniques, electrophoresis (SSC Buffer #), to stop reactions, for biopurifications, crystallography,

In biological systems around pH 7, the two species present are the citrate ion and mono-hydrogen citrate ion the pH of a 1 mM solution of citric acid will be about 3.2.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is very common in nature, especially in lemon, orange, pineapple, raspberry, currants, grape juice, etc.
It has also been identified in the animal body, for example, in milk and blood, etc.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is not a vitamin or mineral and is not required in the diet.
However, citric acid, not to be confused with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), is beneficial for people with kidney stones.
It inhibits stone formation and breaks up small stones that are beginning to form.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is protective; the more citric acid in your urine, the more protected you are against forming new kidney stones.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, used in calcium citrate supplements and in some medications (such as potassium citrate), is closely related to citric acid and also has stone prevention benefits.
These medications may be prescribed to alkalinize your urine.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate anhydrous or monohydrate, the most widely used acidulant to give a sour taste in food and beverage, also acts as a preservative, PH buffer, antioxidant and chelating agent.
The European food additive number for it is E330.
China is the biggest manufacturer of citric acid in the world and exported around 1 million tons in 2019.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate’s used to boost acidity, enhance avor, and preserve ingredients.
Sodas, juices, powdered beverages, candies, frozen foods, and some dairy products often contain manufactured citric acid.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate’s also sometimes added to canned fruits and vegetables to protect against botulism, a rare but serious illness caused by the toxin-producing Clostridium botulinum bacterium.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is an industrial staple in medicines and dietary supplements.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate’s added to medicines to help stabilize and preserve the active ingredients and used to enhance or mask the taste of chewable and syrup-based medications.
Mineral supplements, such as magnesium and calcium, may also contain E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate (in the form of citrate) to enhance absorption.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate may be added to commercial cleaning products, as it can help remove hard water build-up on dishes and glassware.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate also can be used to remove coee and tea stains, yellowing/browning discolorations and water and urine stains.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used in insecticides and disinfectants to help destroy bacteria and viruses.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used to preserve and marinate meats, and avor foods and beverages. For example, citric acid is used in wine to reduce low acidity and improve taste.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is also used in cosmetic and personal care products as a preservative, and in cleaning products to remove hard water build up.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a weak organic acid.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate occurs naturally in produce, and in particular, citrus fruits such as limes, oranges, and lemons.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a weak acid. In its natural form, it looks like small, clear crystals, similar to table salt. Although it is odorless, it has an acidic taste.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is one of the most common food preservatives and avoring additives. E330 (Citric acid) can be found naturally in citrus fruits but is also manufactured.

Melting point: 153-159 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 248.08°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.67 g/cm3 at 20 °C
bulk density: 560kg/m3
vapor density: 7.26 (vs air)
vapor pressure: <0.1 hPa (20 °C)
refractive index: 1.493~1.509
FEMA: 2306 | CITRIC ACID
Flash point: 100 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Citric acid also dissolves in absolute (anhydrous) ethanol (76 parts of citric acid per 100 parts of ethanol) at 15 °C.
form: grit
pka: 3.14(at 20℃)
color: White
PH: 3.24(1 mM solution);2.62(10 mM solution);2.08(100 mM solution);
Odor: Odorless
biological source: synthetic
Odor Type: odorless
explosive limit 8%,: 65°F
Water Solubility: soluble in Water (1174g/L at 10°C, 1809g/L at 30°C, 3825g/L at 80°C).
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.20
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.10
Merck: 14,2326
JECFA Number: 218
BRN: 782061
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, metal nitrates.
InChIKey: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -1.64

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a monohydrate citric acid. Citric Acid E330 is a sour, white crystalline powder that is 99.5-101.0%.
It is used as an acidulant, flavoring agent, preservative and anti-staling agent in food and beverage products.
In the food industry it commonly used to produce a tart taste and to complement fruit flavors in carbonated beverages, beverage powders, fruit flavored drinks, jellies, jams, wines, sherbets, and candies.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate can also be used to reduce pH in canned foods.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, labeled as E 330 in the food additive system, is an essential component in a wide range of products due to its strong acidifying properties, buffering capacity, and chelating abilities, which means it can bind with metal ions and improve the stability and appearance of food and beverages.

Because it is highly soluble in water and easily dissociates into its ionic form, it is often included in powdered food mixes, dry beverages, instant soups, and effervescent tablets where moisture-free, shelf-stable ingredients are required.
In addition to its extensive use in food and drink, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is also found in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and cleaning agents, where it performs various functions such as adjusting pH, preserving the stability of active ingredients, and removing limescale in household cleaners due to its ability to dissolve mineral deposits.

Its antimicrobial properties further make it useful in preserving biological samples, preventing microbial growth in personal care products, and as an additive in medical preparations, including those used for oral, topical, and injectable forms.
Furthermore, in industrial and laboratory contexts, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is valued for its environmentally friendly profile, as it is biodegradable and generally considered safe for both human health and the environment when used within regulated limits.

Because of its natural origin and widespread approval by food safety authorities like EFSA, FDA, and WHO, E 330 is regarded as one of the most versatile and widely used food additives globally.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is mainly used as acidulant, flavoring agent, preservative and antistaling agent in food and beverage industry.
It is also used as antioxidant, plasticizer and detergent in chemical, cosmetics and cleaning industries.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2.
It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate has a role as a food acidity regulator, a chelator, an antimicrobial agent and a fundamental metabolite.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a conjugate acid of a citrate(1-) and a citrate anion.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate exists in greater than trace amounts in a variety of fruits and vegetables, most notably citrus fruits.

Lemons and limes have particularly high concentrations of the acid; it can constitute as much as 8 % of the dry weight of these fruits (about 47 g/L in the juices ).
The concentrations of citric acid in citrus fruits range from 0.005 mol/L for oranges and grapefruits to 0.30 mol/L in lemons and limes.
Within species, these values vary depending on the cultivar and the circumstances in which the fruit was grown.

The discovery of E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is credited to Jabir ibn Hayyan (Latin name Geber, 721–815).
Citric acid was first isolated in 1784 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742–1786), who crystallized it from lemon juice.
The crystalline structure of anhydrous citric acid, obtained by cooling hot concentrated solution of the monohydrate form, was first elucidated by Yuill and Bennett in 1934 by X-ray diffraction.

In 1960 Nordman and co-workers further suggested that in the anhydrous form two molecules of the acid are linked through hydrogen bonds between two –COOH groups of each monomer.
Fermentation is the technology of choice for E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate synthesis.
Different bacteria (e.g. Arthrobacter paraffinens and Bacillus licheniformis), filamentous fungi (e.g. Aspergilus niger and Penicillium citrinum) and yeasts (e.g. Candida tropicalis and Yarrowia lipolytica) are able to produce citric acid.

Due to high productivity and easy handling, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is usually produced by fermentation with A. niger.
For example, a product concentration of 114 g.L-1 within 168 h has been reached by cultivation of A. niger GCMC 7 on cane molasses.
On the industrial scale, submerged cultivation, surface fermentation and solid-state fermentation are used.

In general, molasses, starch hydrolyzate and starch are used as substrates.
However, there are various studies for alternative raw materials.
Solid-state fermentation of inexpensive agricultural wastes is one possibility.

For example, high yields up to 88 % have been achieved using grape pomace as substrate.
Lowering the cost of product recovery is crucial.
Different methods using precipitation, solvent extraction, adsorption, or in situ product recovery have been described.

One interesting process could be the in situ crystallization of E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate during fermentation to improve the economics.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate in dietary form can augments absorption of aluminium in antacids.
It also facilitates the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and can transform cadmium into more transportable forms.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a compound originally derived from lemon juice.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate’s produced today from a specic type of mold and used in a variety of applications.
The characteristics of E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate make it an important additive for a variety of industries.

Food and beverages use an estimated 70% of manufactured E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, pharmaceutical and dietary supplements use 20%, and the remaining 10% goes into cleaning agents .
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used to help kill harmful bacteria and infections on the skin’s surface that can be common in people with diabetes, the elderly and people who smoke.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate also can be combined with sodium citrate and potassium citrate to lower acid levels in the urine to help prevent gout attacks.

Uses Of E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate:
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate has astringent and anti-oxidant properties.
It can also be used as a product stabilizer, pH adjuster, and preservative with a low sensitizing potential.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is not usually irritating to normal skin, but it can cause burning and redness when applied to chapped, cracked, or otherwise inflamed skin.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is derived from citrus fruits.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is an acidulant and antioxidant produced by mold fermentation of sugar solutions and by extraction from lemon juice, lime juice, and pineapple canning residue.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is the predominant acid in oranges, lemons, and limes.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate exists in anhydrous and monohydrate forms.
The anhydrous form is crystallized in hot solutions and the monohydrate form is crystallized from cold (below 36.5°c) solutions.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate has a solubility of 146 g and monohydrate citric acid has a solubility of 175 g/100 ml of distilled water at 20°c. a 1% solution has a ph of 2.3 at 25°c.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a hygroscopic, strong acid of tart flavor.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used as an acidulant in fruit drinks and carbonated beverages at 0.25-0.40%, in cheese at 3-4%, and in jellies.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used as an antioxidant in instant potatoes, wheat chips, and potato sticks, where it prevents spoilage by trapping the metal ions.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used in combination with antioxidants in the processing of fresh frozen fruits to prevent discoloration.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a weak organic acid that is known as a commodity chemical, as more than a million tonnes are produced every year by mycological fermentation on an industrial scale using crude sugar sol utions, such as molasses and strains of Aspergillus niger.
Citric acid is widely distributed in plants and in animal tissues and fluids and exist in greater than grace amounts in variety of fruits and vegetables, most notably in citrus fruits such as lemon and limes.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrateis mainly used as an acidifier, flavoring agent and chelating agent.
It was also used as a chemical restrainer particularly in developers for the collodion process and in silver nitrate solutions used for sensitizing salted and albumen papers.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is mainly used as acidulant,flavoring agent, preservative and antistaling agent in food and beverage industry.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is also used as antioxidant,plasticizer and detergent in chemical,cosmetics and cleaning industries.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is most commonly used in the food and beverage industry as a flavor enhancer, preservative, and acidifier, where it provides a pleasant tartness to products like soft drinks, fruit juices, candies, and jams while also helping to balance sweetness and improve overall taste.
In processed foods, it is frequently added to stabilize active ingredients, prevent spoilage, and extend shelf life by lowering the pH and creating an environment that inhibits the growth of bacteria and mold.

In the pharmaceutical sector, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate anhydrate is widely used as an excipient—a non-active ingredient that helps control the acidity of a medicine, improve its solubility, and enhance the bioavailability of certain drugs, making it easier for the body to absorb them.
It is also found in effervescent tablets and oral rehydration salts, where it reacts with sodium bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide, creating a fizzy solution that is both palatable and fast-acting.

In cosmetics and personal care products, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate serves as a pH adjuster and chelating agent, which means it helps to bind metal ions that could otherwise destabilize formulations, ensuring that creams, lotions, shampoos, and soaps remain effective and have a longer shelf life.
Additionally, in household cleaning products, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is a key ingredient due to its ability to break down limescale and remove mineral deposits, making it useful in descaling agents, dishwasher tablets, bathroom cleaners, and even eco-friendly laundry detergents.

Its biodegradable nature and low toxicity also make it a favored alternative to harsher synthetic chemicals in green cleaning solutions.
Finally, in industrial and laboratory settings, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used as a buffering agent, metal chelator, and cleaning aid for various applications, including water treatment, chemical analysis, and as a dispersant in the manufacture of ceramics and textiles.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is also employed in the cheese-making and dairy industry, where it helps in coagulating milk, improving curd formation, and adjusting the acidity of cheese and yogurt products, especially in cases where microbial fermentation is not used or needs support.

E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate aids in replicating the acidic environment naturally produced during fermentation, ensuring consistent product texture and taste.
In the wine and brewing industries, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is added to regulate acidity levels, enhance the brightness of the flavor, and prevent spoilage by inhibiting unwanted microbial growth.
It can be particularly useful in balancing the natural pH of certain wines and beers that may otherwise taste overly flat or unbalanced due to variations in fruit or grain composition.

In biotechnology and fermentation processes, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is used as a carbon source for microbial cultures, playing a crucial role in the growth of certain bacteria or fungi during the production of enzymes, amino acids, and other biochemical compounds.
Its buffering capacity also helps maintain a stable pH environment during microbial metabolism.
In agriculture and hydroponics, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is sometimes used to adjust the pH of nutrient solutions, ensuring that plants can absorb essential minerals effectively.

By modifying soil or water pH, it enhances the bioavailability of micronutrients like iron, manganese, and zinc, which are crucial for healthy plant development.
In the textile and dyeing industry, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is utilized to neutralize alkaline residues after fabric treatment and to set dyes more effectively, helping to prevent color bleeding and improve the durability of colored textiles.

Its chelating action also ensures a cleaner dyeing process by removing excess metal ions that could interfere with dye uptake.
Furthermore, in metallurgy and electroplating, it is used as a chelating agent to control metal ion concentration and improve the uniformity of plating layers on metal surfaces, especially in environmentally-friendly or low-toxicity metal finishing processes.

Safety Profile Of E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate:
Poison by intravenous route moderately toxic by subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes.
Mildly toxic byingestion a severe eye and moderate skin irritant.
An irritating organic acid, some allergenic properties combustible liquid.

Potentially explosive reaction with metal nitrates when heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.
E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, especially in its pure or concentrated powdered form, can act as a strong irritant if it comes into direct contact with the skin or eyes.
Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause redness, itching, or a burning sensation on the skin, and if it gets into the eyes, it can result in pain, redness, tearing, or even temporary vision impairment, which is why proper protective gear is advised when handling it in industrial or laboratory settings.

When E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is in powdered form and becomes airborne—either during handling, mixing, or processing—it may be inhaled accidentally, especially in environments with poor ventilation.
Inhalation of E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate dust can irritate the nasal passages and upper respiratory tract, potentially causing symptoms like coughing, sneezing, throat discomfort, or shortness of breath, particularly in individuals with preexisting respiratory conditions such as asthma.

Although E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate is widely used in food and drinks, excessive or prolonged consumption—particularly of beverages and candies high in citric acid—can erode dental enamel over time.
This chemical erosion weakens the teeth, increases sensitivity, and raises the risk of cavities and tooth decay, especially when oral hygiene is neglected after acidic food or drink intake.

Ingesting E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate in large quantities, especially in its anhydrous or supplemental form, may lead to stomach discomfort, including symptoms like nausea, abdominal cramps, or diarrhea.
Individuals with sensitive digestive systems or existing gastrointestinal disorders should avoid excessive intake, as citric acid can worsen acid reflux, heartburn, or gastritis.
Although rare, some people may experience hypersensitivity reactions or intolerance to E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate, manifesting as skin rashes, headaches, or fatigue, particularly when consumed in processed foods.

While not a true allergy, such sensitivity may cause discomfort and is often linked to reactions from other additives used in combination with citric acid.
In high concentrations, E 330 Citric Acid Anhydrate may be considered a mild environmental pollutant if disposed of improperly in water systems, as it can alter the pH balance of aquatic environments and potentially harm sensitive species.
However, it is readily biodegradable and not considered persistent, so the risk is generally low unless released in very large amounts.