E 951

CAS NUMBER: 22839-47-0

EC NUMBER: 245-261-3

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C14H18N2O5

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 294.30

IUPAC NAME: (3S)-3-amino-4-[[(2S)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid

E 951 is also called Aspartame.
Aspartame, with the advantage of zero-calorie and sweet taste close to table sugar, it has been used as a sugar replacement in food and drink for around 40 years with the European food additive number E951.  
E 951 is a white, crystalline powder or granular.

E 951 is a dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of L-aspartic acid with the amino group of methyl L-phenylalaninate. 
E 951 is Commonly used as an artificial sweetener. 

E 951 has a role as: 
-a sweetening agent
-a nutraceutical
-a micronutrient
-a xenobiotic
-an environmental contaminant
-an apoptosis inhibitor
-an EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor 

E 951 is a dipeptide, a carboxylic acid and a methyl ester. 
E 951 derives from a L-aspartic acid and a methyl L-phenylalaninate.
E 951 is Flavoring agent sweeter than sugar, metabolized as phenylalanine and aspartic acid.

Taste:
With a sweet taste of pure, refreshing and strong, approximately 200 times as sweet as sucrose, and the taste is very similar to it. 
Without the bitter, chemical or metallic aftertaste often found in other artificial sweeteners.

What’re the Uses of E 951?
The purpose of E 951 in food is to reduce sugar and calories intake. 
And you may find E 951 in many food, and here is a common food list that may with it:

-Carbonated soft drinks
-Powdered drink
-Instant coffee and tea beverages
-Fruit juice
-Tabletop sweeteners
-Dairy products
-Frozen desserts, puddings
-Yogurts
-Chewing gum
-Breath mints
-Candy
-Cereals 

However, E 951 cannot be used in cooking or baking as aspartame is not stable and will hydrolyze (break down) into amino acids in heating temperature above 80 degree. 
Other artificial sweeteners (e.g. sucralose, acesulfame k, sodium cyclamate, sodium saccharin, neotame) and more stable and so that they can be used in this field. 

The function of E 951 is as a sugar substitute. 
E 951 is about 200 times sweeter than sugar. 
And its calories can be ignored as the amount needed to make people feel sweet is so small, although one gram of aspartame has about 16.72 kJ calories. 

Table top sweeteners:
E 951 and maltodextrin (to make it easy to distribute) may be used together to make sachets.

Chewing gum:
E 951 can be used together with sugar alcohol (e.g. sorbitol, maltitol) in sugar free gum. 
You can find E 951 in the ingredient list of Eclipse sugar free gum.

Yogurt:
E 951 is suitable for sweetening yogurt. 
E 951 is added after pasteurization but before fermentation in the production of set yogurt, or put after fermentation for stirred yogurt.

Confectionery:
E 951 is used in place of sugar to manufacture reduced-calorie and sugar-free confectionery. 
E 951 provides sweetness similar to sucrose, lower in calories and without generating dental caries, so it is widely used in candy and chocolate.

Frozen desserts:
E 951 is a choice for the use in no sugar added, sugar-free frozen desserts and novelties. 
Such as in yogurts and ice cream.

Pharmaceuticals:
E 951 is an excipient used as a sugar alternative in pharmaceuticals to mask the undesirable taste.

What’re the Benefits of E 951?
E 951 is the ideal alternative to sugar with the benefits as follows:

-Sugar-like taste, no bitter aftertaste
-Zero Glycemic Index: suitable for diabetics
-Made from amino acids: naturally digested and metabolised
-Low in calories
-Tooth-friendly
-Weight control
-Highest ADI (acceptable daily intake) among all artificial sweeteners

Approved Uses:
The maximum usages range from 25 to 6000 mg/kg in foods, except quantum satis for tabletop sweeteners. 
The following energy-reduced or/and no added sugar food may contain E 951: 
-Canned or bottled fruit and vegetables
-jams jellies and marmalades
-Cocoa and Chocolate products 
-Chewing gum
-Sauces 
-Breakfast cereals 
-Table-top sweeteners in powder/liquid/tablets form 
-Flavoured drinks

E 951 is an artificial non-saccharide sweetener 200 times sweeter than sucrose
E 951 is commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages.
E 951 is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with the trade names NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel.
E 951 was first made in 1965 and approved for use in food products by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1981.

E 951 is one of the most rigorously tested food ingredients.
Reviews by over 100 governmental regulatory bodies found the ingredient safe for consumption at current levels.
As of 2018, several reviews of clinical trials showed that using aspartame in place of sugar reduces calorie intake and body weight in adults and children.

E 951 is around 180 to 200 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar). 
Due to this property, even though aspartame produces 4 kcal (17 kJ) of energy per gram when metabolized, the quantity of aspartame needed to produce a sweet taste is so small that its caloric contribution is negligible.

The taste of E 951 and other artificial sweeteners differs from that of table sugar in the times of onset and how long the sweetness lasts, though aspartame comes closest to sugar's taste profile among approved artificial sweeteners.
The sweetness of E 951 lasts longer than that of sucrose, so it is often blended with other artificial sweeteners such as acesulfame potassium to produce an overall taste more like that of sugar

E 951 is as high in calories as sugar (4 kcal per gram), but in practice, it is basically free of energy. 
Because it is 180–200 times sweeter than sugar, small amounts are needed to give the same sweetness as sugar. 

The taste is sweet but not bitter.
E 951 is an intense, low-calorie, artificial sweetener. 

E 951 is a white, odourless powder, approximately 200 times sweeter than sugar. 
In Europe, E 951 is authorised to be used as a food additive in foodstuffs such as drinks, desserts, sweets, dairy, chewing gums, energy-reducing and weight control products and as a table-top sweetener.

E951 is a food additive approved by the EU (European Union). 
E 951 is used as a synthetic sweetener in food and drink products.

The common name for E951 is aspartame.
E 951 is approximately x180 sweeter than sugar. 

Although having a calorific value, the tiny amount needed to create a sweetened taste results in a negligible calorie content in the food product, resulting in the use of E951 in diet foods.
E 951, E-951, is a chemical compound formed by two amino acids, the L-aspartic acid and methyl ester, of L-phenylalanine. 

The artificially produced sweetener decomposes during heating.
E 951 is used particularly in soft drinks and confectionery and low-calorie products. 

E 951 is about 200 times sweeter than sugar.
E 951 (L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester) is a low-calorie sweetener used to sweeten a wide variety of low- and reduced-calorie foods and beverages, including low-calorie tabletop sweeteners. 

E 951 is composed of two amino acids, aspartic acid and phenylalanine , as the methyl ester. 
E 951 is also found naturally in protein containing foods, including meats, grains and dairy products. 

Methyl esters are also found naturally in many foods such as fruits and vegetable and their juices. 
Upon digestion, E 951 breaks down into three components (aspartic acid , phenylalanine and methanol), which are then absorbed into the blood and used in normal body processes. 

Neither E 951 nor its components accumulates in the body. 
These components are used in the body in the same ways as when they are derived from common foods.

E 951 is a low-calorie sweetener that has been used for decades as a way to lower one’s intake of added sugars while still providing satisfaction from enjoying something sweet. 
E 951 is about 200 times sweeter than sugar, and as such only a small amount of the sweetener is needed to match the sweetness provided by sugar. 

In tabletop packets and prepared foods and beverages, E 951 is often blended with other sweeteners or food components to minimize bitter flavors and enhance overall taste.
E 951 consists of two amino acids—aspartic acid and phenylalanine. 

When ingested, E 951 is broken down into these amino acids for use in protein synthesis and metabolism. 
In addition to aspartic acid and phenylalanine, E 951 digestion also yields a small amount of methanol, a compound that is naturally found in foods like fruits and vegetables and their juices. 

The amount of methanol resulting from consuming an E 951-sweetened beverage is about five to six times less than that resulting from the same volume of tomato juice
E 951 can be used as an ingredient in beverages (such as diet sodas, light or low-sugar juices and flavored waters), dairy products (such as light yogurt and low-fat flavored milk), nutrition bars, desserts (such as sugar-free puddings and gelatins, light ice cream and popsicles), chewing gum, sauces, syrups and condiments. 

E 951 is also found in several types of low-calorie tabletop sweeteners. 
E 951 is a low-calorie sweetener — a substance that tastes sweet but doesn't contain natural sugars or any calories if used in small amounts.

E 951 is a widely used artificial sweetener and a popular sugar substitute in low-calorie food and drinks, including diet sodas. 
E 951 is also a component of some medications.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: 

-Molecular Weight: 294.30    

-XLogP3: -2.7    

-Exact Mass: 294.12157168    

-Monoisotopic Mass: 294.12157168    

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 119 Ų    

-Physical Description: White, odourless, crystalline powder having a sweet taste

-Color: White

-Form:  crystalline powder

-Odor: Odorless

-Taste: Sweet

-Melting Point: 246.5 °C

-Solubility: Slightly soluble in water and in ethanol

-Vapor Pressure: 2.84X10-11 mmHg

-LogP: -0.1

E 951 is a dipeptide, a carboxylic acid and a methyl ester. 
E 951 derives from a L-aspartic acid and a methyl L-phenylalaninate.
E 951 is Flavoring agent sweeter than sugar, metabolized as phenylalanine and aspartic acid.

E 951 is also called Aspartame.
Aspartame, with the advantage of zero-calorie and sweet taste close to table sugar, it has been used as a sugar replacement in food and drink for around 40 years with the European food additive number E951.  

E 951 is a white, crystalline powder or granular.
E 951 is a dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of L-aspartic acid with the amino group of methyl L-phenylalaninate. 
E 951 is Commonly used as an artificial sweetener. 

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: 

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3    

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6    

-Rotatable Bond Count: 8    

-Heavy Atom Count: 21    

-Formal Charge: 0    

-Complexity: 380    

-Isotope Atom Count: 0    

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2    

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0    

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0    

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0    

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1    

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

E 951 can be used as an ingredient in beverages (such as diet sodas, light or low-sugar juices and flavored waters), dairy products (such as light yogurt and low-fat flavored milk), nutrition bars, desserts (such as sugar-free puddings and gelatins, light ice cream and popsicles), chewing gum, sauces, syrups and condiments. 
E 951 is an intense, low-calorie, artificial sweetener. 

E 951 is a white, odourless powder, approximately 200 times sweeter than sugar. 
E 951 is a food additive approved by the EU (European Union). 
E 951 is used as a synthetic sweetener in food and drink products.

E 951 is used in place of sugar to manufacture reduced-calorie and sugar-free confectionery. 
E 951 provides sweetness similar to sucrose, lower in calories and without generating dental caries, so it is widely used in candy and chocolate.

E 951 is suitable for sweetening yogurt. 
E 951 is added after pasteurization but before fermentation in the production of set yogurt, or put after fermentation for stirred yogurt.

E 951 is an artificial non-saccharide sweetener 200 times sweeter than sucrose
E 951 is commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages.
The common name for E951 is aspartame.

E 951 is approximately x180 sweeter than sugar. 
E 951 is also found in several types of low-calorie tabletop sweeteners. 

E 951 is a low-calorie sweetener — a substance that tastes sweet but doesn't contain natural sugars or any calories if used in small amounts.
E 951 is a widely used artificial sweetener and a popular sugar substitute in low-calorie food and drinks, including diet sodas. 
E 951 is also a component of some medications.

SYNONYMS: 

E 951
aspartame
Asp-phe-ome
Asp-Phe methyl ester
Aspartam
Canderel
L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
Aspartamo
Aspartamum
Aspartylphenylalanine methyl ester
Sweet dipeptide
Dipeptide sweetener
Methyl aspartylphenylalanate
1-Methyl N-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalanate
Tri-sweet
methyl L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninate
Equal
3-Amino-N-(alpha-methoxycarbonylphenethyl) succinamic acid
(S)-3-Amino-4-(((S)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid
N-L-alpha-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester
3-Amino-N-(alpha-carboxyphenethyl)succinamic acid N-methyl ester
(3S)-3-amino-4-[[(2S)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
N-L-alpha-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
(S)-3-amino-4-((S)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-ylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid
N-L-ALPHA-ASPARTYL L-PHENYLALANINE 1-METHYL ESTER
Aspartam
Aspartame
Aspartamum
Methyl L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine
Methyl L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalanate
L-Phenylalanine, N-L-alpha-aspartyl-, 1-methyl ester
Methyl N-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninate
1-Methyl N-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine
Aspartame (e951)
DF-OMe
Aspartame (NF/INN)
N-(L-a-Aspartyl)-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
3-Amino-N-(alpha-carboxyphenethyl)succinamic acid N-methyl ester, stereoisomer
SCHEMBL3636
Ins-951
N-L-?-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 1-Methyl Ester
Succinamic acid, 3-amino-N-(alpha-carboxyphenethyl)-, N-methyl ester, stereoisomer
L-Phenylalanine, L-alpha-aspartyl-, 2-methyl ester
aspartyl-phenylalanine methyl ester
Pharmakon1600-01505306
L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanyl methyl ester
Tert-butylN-(3-formylphenyl)carbamate
alpha-aspartyl-phenylalanine methyl ester
L-aspartyl-L-phenyl-alanine methyl ester
E951
L-Aspartyl-L-3-phenylalanine methyl ester
Asp-Phe methyl ester
alpha-L-Aspartyl-L-Phenylalanine Methyl Ester
L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester, 96%
N-(L-alpha-Aspartyl)-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
(S)-3-amino-n-((s)-1-methoxycarbonyl-2-phenyl-ethyl)-succinamic acid
(3S)-3-amino-3-{[(2S)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}propanoic acid
3-amino-4-[(1-carboxy-2-phenyl-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-4-oxo-butanoic acid;N-L-alpha-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine Methyl Ester
7421-84-3