PRODUCTS

E 952 SODIUM CYCLAMATE

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is 30–50 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar), making it the least potent of the commercially used artificial sweeteners.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is often used with other artificial sweeteners, especially saccharin; the mixture of 10 parts cyclamate to 1 part saccharin is common and masks the off-tastes of both sweeteners.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is less expensive than most sweeteners, including sucralose, and is stable under heating.

CAS Number: 139-05-9
Molecular Formula: C6H14NNaO3S
Molecular Weight: 203.23
EINECS Number: 205-348-9

Synonyms: Cyclamic acid, 100-88-9, Cyclohexylsulfamic acid, N-Cyclohexylsulfamic acid, CYCLAMATE, Cyclohexanesulfamic acid, Hexamic acid, Sucaryl, Sucaryl acid, Cyclohexylaminesulphonic acid, Sulfamic acid, cyclohexyl-, N-Cyclohexylsulphamic acid, Cyclohexylamidosulfuric acid, Cyclohexylaminesulfonic acid, Sulfamic acid, N-cyclohexyl-, Cyclohexylsulphamic acid, Cyclohexanesulphamic acid, Zyklamat, Cyclohexylamidosulphuric acid, Cylamic acid, Cyclohexylamine sulfamic acid, Cyclohexylamide sulfate, NSC 220327, Hexamic acid (TN), Cyclamate, Potassium, NSC-220327, Cyclamate, sodium salt, HN3OFO5036, Cyclohexylsulfamic acid;Cyclamate, DTXSID5041809, INS NO.952(I), CHEBI:15964, INS-952(I), Asugryn, NSC220327, NCGC00165999-01, Cyclamic acid (USAN), E-952(I), CYCLAMIC ACID [USAN], DTXCID3021809, Cyclamates, Cyclamsaeure, Cyclamate, Calcium, Cyclamic acid [USAN:BAN], CAS-100-88-9, N-?Cyclohexylsulfamic Acid(Cyclamic Acid), HSDB 275, N-Cyclohexylsulfamsaeure, E952, EINECS 202-898-1, Sulfuric acid monoamide, N-cyclohexyl-, BRN 2208885, UNII-HN3OFO5036, cyclamic-acid, N-(Cyclohexyl)aminosulfonsaeure, Sucaryl acidxine, Cyclamic acid, Cyclamate Calcium (2:1) Salt, (Cyclamic Acid), MFCD00065234, Cyclohexylamide sulphate, cyclohexyl-sulfamic acid, n-cyclohexyl-sulfamic acid, bmse000657, N-?Cyclohexylsulfamic Acid, N-cyclo-hexylsulphamic acid, CYCLAMIC ACID [II], CYCLAMIC ACID [MI], SCHEMBL6227, Cyclamic acid, BAN, USAN, CYCLAMIC ACID [HSDB], 4-12-00-00102 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), CYCLAMIC ACID [MART.], CyclohexansulfamidsA currencyure, Cyclohexylamine-N-sulfonic acid, CYCLAMIC ACID [USP-RS], CYCLAMIC ACID [WHO-DD], CHEMBL1206440, GTPL12470, HMS3264K03, HMS3652C17, Pharmakon1600-01301015, HY-B0541, N-Cyclohexyl-Sulfuric acid monoamide, Tox21_112285, Tox21_301008, NSC760133, s4015, STL356798, AKOS015913947, Tox21_112285_1, CCG-213726, FC20675, NSC-760133, NCGC00165999-02, NCGC00165999-03, NCGC00254910-01, AS-59382, N-Cyclohexylsulfamic acid, >=98.0% (T), NS00000401, SW219574-1, C02824, D02442, E78799, AB01563182_01, AB01563182_02, SR-01000940120, Q2130929, SR-01000940120-2, BRD-K50785021-001-02-1, BRD-K50785021-001-03-9, BRD-K50785021-001-04-7, N-Cyclohexylsulfamic acid; Hexamic acid; Sucaryl acid, Cyclamic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, PubChem, assurgrinfeinsuss;assurgrinvollsuss;asugryn;cyclamate,sodiumsalt;cyclamic;cyclohexanesulfamicacid,monosodiumsalt;cyclohexanesulphamicacid,monosodiumsalt;cyclohexyl-sulfamicacimonosodiumsalt

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate cyclamates are prepared by the sulfonation of cyclohexylamine in the presence of a base.
Commercially, the sulfonation can involve sulfamic acid, a sulfate salt, or sulfur trioxide.
Tertiary bases such as triethylamine or trimethylamine may be used as the condensing agent.

The amine salts of cyclamate that are produced are converted to the sodium, calcium, potassium, or magnesium salt by treatment with the appropriate metal oxide.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate, non-nutritive sweetening agents, have been used as additives in food and drugs since 1950.
They have been demonstrated to have a carcinogenic potential at very high and long-sustained dosage in experimental animals.

Some countries have consequently banned their use as food additives, whereas in others they remain available for this purpose.
Most countries, however, continue to allow their use in small quantities in pharmaceutical preparations.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is an artificial sweetener.

Safety concerns led to it being banned in a few countries, though the European Union considers it safe.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate, is a synthetic sweetener commonly used as a sugar substitute.
It is a white, odorless, crystalline powder that is approximately 30 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar).

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is often used in various food products, such as beverages, candies, and baked goods, as well as in pharmaceuticals and personal care products, to provide sweetness without adding significant calories.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is particularly popular among individuals looking to reduce sugar intake or manage conditions such as diabetes or obesity.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is derived from cyclohexylamine, which is reacted with sulfuric acid to form cyclamate.

After its discovery in the 1950s, it gained widespread acceptance as a low-calorie sweetener due to its ability to provide sweetness at a fraction of the caloric content of sugar.
Despite its widespread use, its safety has been questioned at times, particularly in the United States, where it was banned for a period in the 1960s due to concerns about its potential carcinogenic effects.
However, numerous scientific studies conducted since then have led to its re-approval by regulatory agencies in many countries, such as the European Union, Canada, and others, where it is considered safe when used within recommended limits.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is an articial sweetener.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is 30–50 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar), making it the least potent of the commercially used articial sweeteners.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is often used with other articial sweeteners, especially saccharin; the mixture of 10 parts cyclamate to 1 part saccharin is common and masks the o-tastes of both sweeteners

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is a synthetic food sweetener with high sweetening power.
It is about 30-50 times sweeter than sugar, comparing equal amounts of the two substances.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate and its sodium and calcium salts are chemical compounds whose sweetening capacity is relatively weak compared to other synthetic sweeteners.

Therefore, they have generally been used in combination with saccharin in a 10:1 ratio, which also results in a taste closer to sugar and a higher sweetening capacity.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamates are the salts of cyclohexylaminosulphonic acid discovered by Sveda as early as 1937.
It has been used as a sweetener (sodium or calcium salt) since the 1950s, becoming the most widely used artificial sweetener in the 1960s, leading to the launch of diet products.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is less expensive than most sweeteners, including sucralose, and is stable under heating.
Safety concerns led to E 952 being banned in a few countries, though the European Union considers it safe.
Odorless or almost odorless white crystals or crystalline powder.

Intensely sweet taste, even in dilute solution.
pH (10% solution in water): 5.5-7.5. Used as a non-nutritive sweetener.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was discovered in 1937 at the University of Illinois by graduate student Michael Sveda.

Sveda was working in the lab on the synthesis of an antipyretic drug.
He put his cigarette down on the lab bench, and when he put E 952 Sodium Cyclamate back in his mouth, he discovered the sweet taste of E 952.
The patent for E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was purchased by DuPont and later sold to Abbott Laboratories, which undertook the necessary studies and submitted a New Drug Application in 1950.

Abbott intended to use E 952 Sodium Cyclamate to mask the bitterness of certain drugs such as antibiotics and pentobarbital.
In 1958, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was designated GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) by the United States Food and Drug Administration.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was marketed in tablet form for use by diabetics as an alternative tabletop sweetener, as well as in a liquid form.

As E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is stable to heat, it was and is marketed as suitable for use in cooking and baking.
In 1966, a study reported that some intestinal bacteria could desulfonate E 952 Sodium Cyclamate to produce cyclohexylamine, a compound suspected to have some chronic toxicity in animals.
Further research resulted in a 1969 study that found the common 10:1 cyclamate–saccharin mixture increased the incidence of bladder cancer in rats.

The released study was showing that eight out of 240 rats fed a mixture of saccharin and E 952, at levels equivalent to humans ingesting 550 cans of diet soda per day, developed bladder tumors.
Sales continued to expand, and in 1969, annual sales of E 952 had reached $1 billion, which increased pressure from public safety watchdogs to restrict the usage of cyclamate.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is the sodium or calcium salt of cyclamic acid (cyclohexanesulfamic acid), which itself is prepared by reacting freebase cyclohexylamine with either sulfamic acid or sulfur trioxide.

Prior to 1973, Abbott Laboratories produced sodium cyclamate (Sucaryl) by a mixture of ingredients including the addition of pure sodium (flakes or rods suspended in solvent) with cyclohexylamine, chilled and filtered through a high speed centrifugal separator, dried, granulated and micro-pulverised for powder or tablet usage.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was discovered in 1937 at the University of Illinois by graduate student Michael Sveda.

Sveda was working in the lab on the synthesis of an antipyretic drug.
He put his cigarette down on the lab bench, and when he put it back in his mouth, he discovered the sweet taste of cyclamate.
The patent for cyclamate was purchased by DuPont and later sold to Abbott Laboratories, which undertook the necessary studies and submitted a New Drug Application in 1950.

Abbott intended to use cyclamate to mask the bitterness of certain drugs such as antibiotics and pentobarbital.
In 1958, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was designated GRAS (generally recognized as safe) by the United States Food and Drug Administration.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was marketed in tablet form for use by diabetics as an alternative tabletop sweetener, as well as in a liquid form.

As E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is stable to heat, it was and is marketed as suitable for use in cooking and baking.
In 1966, a study reported that some intestinal bacteria could desulfonate E 952 Sodium Cyclamate to produce cyclohexylamine, a compound suspected to have some chronic toxicity in animals.
Further research resulted in a 1969 study that found the common 10:1 E 952 Sodium Cyclamate–saccharin mixture increased the incidence of bladder cancer in rats.

The released study was showing that eight out of 240 rats fed a mixture of saccharin and E 952 Sodium Cyclamate, at levels equivalent to humans ingesting 550 cans of diet soda per day, developed bladder tumors.
Sales continued to expand, and in 1969, annual sales of cyclamate had reached $1 billion, which increased pressure from public safety watchdogs to restrict the usage of cyclamate.
In October 1969, Department of Health, Education & Welfare Secretary Robert Finch, bypassing Food and Drug Administration Commissioner Herbert L. Ley, Jr., removed the GRAS designation from cyclamate and banned its use in general-purpose foods, though it remained available for restricted use in dietary products with additional labeling; in October 1970, the FDA, under a new commissioner, banned cyclamate completely from all food and drug products in the United States.

Abbott Laboratories claimed that its own studies were unable to reproduce the 1969 study's results, and, in 1973, Abbott petitioned the FDA to lift the ban on cyclamate.
This petition was eventually denied in 1980 by FDA Commissioner Jere Goyan.
Abbott Labs, together with the Calorie Control Council (a political lobby representing the diet foods industry), filed a second petition in 1982.

Although the FDA has stated that a review of all available evidence does not implicate cyclamate as a carcinogen in mice or rats, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate remains banned from food products in the United States.
The petition is now held in abeyance, though not actively considered.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is unclear whether this is at the request of Abbott Labs or because the petition is considered to be insufficient by the FDA.

In 2000, a paper was published describing the results of a 24-year-long experiment in which 16 monkeys were fed a normal diet and 21 monkeys were fed either 100 or 500 mg/kg cyclamate per day; the higher dose corresponds to about 30 cans of a diet beverage.
Two of the high-dosed monkeys and one of the lower-dosed monkeys were found to have malignant cancer, each with a different kind of cancer, and three benign tumors were found.
The authors concluded that the study failed to demonstrate that cyclamate was carcinogenic because the cancers were all different and there was no way to link cyclamate to each of them.

The substance did not show any DNA-damaging properties in DNA repair assays.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is an artificial sweetener (code E952) with a high sweetening power; according to numerous studies, in some people it can lead to the formation of a substance (CHA) which, when given in significant doses in animal testing, resulted in testicular damage.

Melting point: >300 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.58[at 20℃]
vapor pressure: 0.002Pa at 150℃
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: 200g/l
form: Powder
color: White
PH: 5.5-7.5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: Odorless. Sweet taste, perceptible at concentrations higher than 100 ppm in water.
Water Solubility: >=10 g/100 mL at 20 ºC
Merck: 14,2703
BRN: 4166868
Stability: Hygroscopic
InChIKey: UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP:-2.63 at 20℃

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is an odorless powder.
It is about 30 times as sweet as sucrose in dilute solution.
The structure of sodium cyclamate is shown in Figure 10.10 Capillary transitional cell tumors were found in the urinary bladders of 8 out of 80 rats that received 2600 mg/kg body weight per day of a mixture of sodium cyclamate and sodium saccharin (10:1) for up to 105 weeks.

When the test mixture was fed at dietary levels designed to furnish 500, 1120, and 2500 mg/ kg body weight to groups of 35 and 45 female rats, the only significant finding was the occurrence of papillar carcinomas in the bladders of 12 of 70 rats fed the maximum dietary level of the mixture (equivalent of about 25 g/kg body weight) for periods ranging from 78 to 105 weeks (except for one earlier death).
In vivo conversion from sodium cyclamate to cyclohexylamine was observed particularly in the higher dosage group.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is very toxic (LD50 rat oral＝157 mg/dg) compared to sodium cyclamate (LD50 oral＝12g/kg).

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate are obtained industrially by chemical synthesis.
The raw material used in their synthesis is cyclohexylamine.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate can be obtained by the hydrogenation reaction of aniline.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is treated either with sulphamic acid or with a certain tertiary and sulphur trioxide.
The result is a quaternary ammonium salt (the anion being cyclohexylaminosulphonate).
This reacts further with a hydroxide and the end product is cyclamate.

Another way of obtaining it is also with cyclohexylamine as raw material.
This by sulphonation with chlorosulphonic acid in chloroform and treatment with barium hydroxide and sulphuric acid forms sodium cyclamate.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids and strong bases.

Also incompatible with nitrites in acid solution.
Has only limited compatibility with potassium salts .
The use of E 952 Sodium Cyclamate as artificial sweetners in food, soft drinks, and artificial sweetening tablets was at one time prohibited in the UK and some other countries owing to concern about the metabolite cyclohexylamine.

However, this is no longer the case, and E 952 Sodium Cyclamate are now permitted for use as a food additive in Europe.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was first synthesized in 1937.
Like the other sweeteners, its sweet taste was accidentally discovered (U.S. Pat. 2,275,125 (Mar. 3, 1942), L. F. Andrieth and M. Sveda (to E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc.).

The FDA in 1958 classified sodium cyclamate as a GRAS sweetener.
In 1969, a 2-year chronic toxicity study with a sodium cyclamate–sodium saccharin (10:1) mixture found bladder tumors in rats.
The FDA took cyclamate off the GRAS list, banning it from foods and beverages, but permitting its sale in pharmacies.

In 1970, after a congressional investigation, the FDA banned the use of cyclamate entirely.
Abbott Laboratories, which has conducted additional toxicity and carcinogenicity studies with cyclamate, a 10:1 mixture of cyclamate–saccharin, and cyclohexylamine, claimed to be unable to confirm the 1969 findings.
Abbott then filed a food additive petition for cyclamate in 1973, which was denied by the FDA in 1980.

In 1982, the Calorie Control Council and Abbott Laboratories filed a second food additive petition containing the results of additional safety studies (The Calorie Control Council and Abbott Laboratories, Food Additive Petition for cyclamate 2A3672.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid and cyclohexylamine at a very slow rate that is proportional to the hydrogen ion concentration.
Therefore, for all practical considerations, it can be regarded as stable. Solutions are also stable to heat, light, and air over a wide pH range.

Samples of tablets containing E 952 Sodium Cyclamate and saccharin have shown no loss in sweetening power following storage for up to 20 years.
The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is unclear whether this is at the request of Abbott Labs or because the petition is considered to be insucient by the FDA.

In 2000, a paper was published describing the results of a 24-year-long experiment in which 16 monkeys were fed a normal diet and 21 monkeys were fed either 100 or 500 mg/kg E 952 per day; the higher dose corresponds to about 30 cans of a diet beverage.
Two of the high-dosed monkeys and one of the lower-dosed monkeys were found to have malignant cancer, each with a dierent kind of cancer, and three benign tumors were found.
The authors concluded that the study failed to demonstrate that E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was carcinogenic because the cancers were all dierent and there was no way to link cyclamate to each of them.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate did not show any DNA-damaging properties in DNA repair assays.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is the sodium or calcium salt of cyclamic acid (cyclohexanesulfamic acid), which itself is prepared by reacting freebase cyclohexylamine with either sulfamic acid or sulfur trioxide.
Prior to 1973, Abbott Laboratories produced E 952 Sodium Cyclamate by a mixture of ingredients including the addition of pure sodium (akes or rods suspended in kerosene) with cyclohexylamine, chilled and ltered through a high speed centrifugal separator, dried, granulated and micro-pulverised for powder or tablet usage.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid and cyclohexylamine at a very slow rate that is proportional to the hydrogen ion concentration.
Therefore, for all practical considerations, E 952 can be regarded as stable.
Solutions are also stable to heat, light, and air over a wide pH range.

In the late 1960s, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was banned in the United Kingdom; however, it was approved after being re-evaluated by the European Union in 1996.
In the Philippines, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate was banned until the Philippine Food and Drug Administration lifted the ban in 2013, declaring it safe for consumption.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate remains banned in the United States, South Korea, and Bangladesh.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is often used in combination with other artificial sweeteners like aspartame or acesulfame K to enhance the overall sweetness profile and mask any aftertaste.
However, its use remains limited in some countries due to ongoing debates about potential health risks.
In food labeling, it is typically listed as "Cyclamate" or under its E-number designation, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate.

Uses Of E 952 Sodium Cyclamate:
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is an artificial sweetener and is 30 times as saccharose's.
It is widely used in pickles, seasoning sauce, cakes, biscuits, bread, ice cream, frozen sucker, popsicles, drinks and so on, with a maximum amount of 0.65g/kg.
Secondly, it is used in confect, with a maximum amount of 1.0g/kg.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is used in orange peel, preserved plum, dried arbutus and so on, with the largest amount of 8.0g/kg.
It is also used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate were discovered in the United States in 1937. They are 30 to 80 times as sweet as sucrose and were widely used until late 1969, when it was banned by the FDA because of questions on safety.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is not banned in Canada and the European Union.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is produced by reacting cyclohexylamine with sulfonating agents, followed by reactions with sodium or calcium hydroxides to produce cyclamates and free cyclohexylamine as follows.
Owing to their good stability, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate are suitable for all applications of intense sweeteners without a significant interfering taste sensation, and are heat stable.

The main application of cyclamates is in blends with saccharin in a 10:1 ratio by weight.
The mixture is more than twice as sweet as either component alone, making them an important sweetener in countries approving the use of both sweeteners.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is used as an intense sweetening agent in pharmaceutical formulations, foods, beverages, and table-top sweeteners.

In dilute solution, up to about 0.17% w/v, the sweetening power is approximately 30 times that of sucrose.
However, at higher concentrations this is reduced and at a concentration of 0.5% w/v a bitter taste becomes noticeable.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate enhances flavor systems and can be used to mask some unpleasant taste characteristics.

In most applications, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is used in combination with saccharin, often in a ratio of 10 : 1.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate dissolved in the aqueous phase could be introduced as the additive during the interfacial polymerization process.
E 952 Sodium Cyclamate could not only improve the hydrophilicity and flux of the membrane, but also could enhance the anti-fouling properties of the membrane.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate, is primarily used as a non-nutritive sweetener, providing a sugar-like sweetness without adding significant calories.
It is commonly used in the production of sugar-free and low-calorie food and beverage products, such as diet sodas, sugar-free gum, candy, and baked goods, offering a sweet taste while reducing the overall caloric content.
The sweetening power of E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is approximately 30 times that of sucrose, making it a highly effective substitute in products where sugar is typically used but calorie reduction is desired.

In addition to food and beverages, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is also utilized in the pharmaceutical industry, where it serves as a sweetener in various medicinal syrups, liquid preparations, and chewable tablets, making the often unpalatable medicines more palatable, especially for children.
It is also used in personal care products like toothpaste and mouthwash to improve the flavor, helping consumers maintain oral hygiene without the addition of excess sugar.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is often combined with other artificial sweeteners like Aspartame or Acesulfame K to enhance the sweetness profile of the product, as the combination of sweeteners can result in a more natural and less bitter aftertaste compared to using a single sweetener.
This combination is particularly common in sugar-free beverages and desserts.
The ability of Sodium Cyclamate to withstand high temperatures also makes it suitable for use in baked goods and cooking, unlike some other sweeteners that break down when exposed to heat.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate, commonly used in food and beverages, is also included in a wide range of processed products to cater to the growing demand for sugar alternatives, especially for people managing conditions like diabetes or obesity.
Its application in the food industry goes beyond just sweetening; it serves to enhance the flavor profile of many low-calorie and diet formulations, making them more appealing to consumers who might otherwise avoid such products due to an unpleasant aftertaste or lack of sweetness.

In particular, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is utilized in the creation of sugar-free or reduced-calorie versions of beverages such as sodas, iced teas, and flavored waters.
The sweetener's ability to dissolve well in liquid makes it particularly useful in these products.
Its stable nature in both acidic and neutral environments further contributes to its widespread use in processed foods and drinks, ensuring that the sweetness is retained over long shelf lives without degradation.

Apart from food and drink applications, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is also found in dietary supplements.
Some weight loss products, which aim to reduce calorie intake, incorporate this sweetener to provide a sweet taste without increasing caloric value.
In addition to its presence in sugar-free or low-calorie products, it is sometimes used in specialty items such as sport or energy drinks to improve taste while maintaining low sugar content.

In pharmaceuticals, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate plays an essential role in making oral medications more palatable, particularly for children who are often averse to the bitter taste of certain drugs.
It is commonly found in syrups, chewable tablets, and liquid medications, allowing patients to consume their medicine more easily.
Its non-nutritive nature ensures that it does not affect the medicinal effectiveness of the products in which it is used.

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate also plays a role in the personal care industry, where it can be included in a variety of non-food products, such as oral care items like toothpaste and mouthwashes.
It helps mask any unwanted bitter or chemical flavors in these products, improving their overall taste and user experience.

Furthermore, in certain countries where it is permitted for use, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate can be found in combination with other sweeteners to create blended sweetening systems that more closely mimic the taste and texture of natural sugar.
This combination of sweeteners helps overcome the limitations of individual sweeteners, leading to products that are both tasty and lower in calories.

Safety Profile Of E 952 Sodium Cyclamate:
Moderately toxic by intravenous and intraperitoneal routes.
Mildly toxic by ingestion experimental reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic data.

Human mutation data reported when heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NazO, SOx, and NOx.
There has been considerable controversy concerning the safety of E 952 Sodium Cyclamate following the FDA decision in 1970 to ban its use in the USA.
This decision resulted from a feeding study in rats that suggested that E 952 Sodium Cyclamate could cause an unusual form of bladder cancer.

However, that study has been criticized because it involved very high doses of E 952 Sodium Cyclamate administered with saccharin, which has itself been the subject of controversy concerning its safety; see Saccharin.
Although excreted almost entirely unchanged in the urine, a potentially harmful metabolite of sodium E 952 Sodium Cyclamate, cyclohexylamine, has been detected in humans.
In addition, there is evidence to suggest cyclamate is metabolized to cyclohexylamine by the microflora in the large intestine of some individuals (approximately 25% of the population with higher precedence in Japanese than Europeans or North Americans).

E 952 Sodium Cyclamate, following absorption, is metabolized to an extent of 1-2% to cyclohexanol and cyclohexane-1,2-diol.
Established no-observedeffect level (NOEL) and acceptable daily intake (ADI) values are based on cyclohexylamine levels of high cyclamate converters.
Extensive long-term animal feeding studies and epidemiological studies in humans have failed to show any evidence that E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is carcinogenic or mutagenic.

As a result, E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is now accepted in many countries for use in foods and pharmaceutical formulations.
Few adverse reactions to E 952 Sodium Cyclamate have been reported, although its use has been associated with instances of photosensitive dermatitis.
One of the most debated issues regarding E 952 Sodium Cyclamate is its potential carcinogenicity.

In the past, studies in the 1960s indicated that high doses of cyclamate, when combined with another sweetener (saccharin), caused bladder cancer in laboratory animals.
However, later studies showed no significant cancer risk when cyclamate was used alone.
As a result, regulatory agencies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the use of cyclamate in food products in 1969, although other countries, such as the European Union and Canada, have allowed its use after further studies suggested it did not pose a significant cancer risk to humans at the levels typically consumed.

In some individuals, sodium cyclamate may cause digestive issues such as bloating, gas, and stomach discomfort.
Although rare, allergic reactions to cyclamate have been reported, causing symptoms like skin rashes, headaches, or even breathing difficulties.
These reactions are more likely in people who have a sensitivity or allergy to certain chemicals used in artificial sweeteners.