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E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP), designated as E450, is a white, water-soluble inorganic compound widely used as a leavening agent, dispersant, and sequestrant.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is the acidic salt of pyrophosphoric acid and finds major applications in food processing, water treatment, and cleaning formulations.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is valued for its controlled reactivity, neutral taste, and versatility in both fast- and slow-acting food systems.
CAS Number: 7758-16-9
EC Number: 231-835-0
Molecular Formula: Na₂H₂P₂O₇
Molecular Weight: 221.94 g/mol
Synonyms: Sodium acid pyrophosphate, Disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, Disodium pyrophosphate, E450, SAPP, SAPP food grade, SAPP leavening agent, Sodium pyrophosphate acid salt, SAPP slow-reacting leavening, Sodium hydrogen pyrophosphate, Disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, Sodium acid diphosphate, Leavening acid SAPP, Baking powder SAPP, E450(i) food additive, SAPP phosphate buffer, SAPP dough conditioner, Sodium acid pyrophosphate E450, Inorganic phosphate salt, Food additive E450, White powder SAPP, Fast-slow leavening acid
APPLICATIONS
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is widely used in the food industry as a leavening acid in baking powders, cake mixes, and pancakes.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) reacts with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) to release carbon dioxide for dough and batter aeration.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is applied in processed meats, seafood, and canned products to improve texture, reduce water loss, and prevent struvite crystal formation.
In potato products, it is used to maintain color and reduce darkening during cooking and storage.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is utilized as a dispersant in ceramic production and as a deflocculant in clay processing.
In water treatment, it serves as a corrosion inhibitor and scale control agent.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is included in detergent and cleaning formulations to soften water and enhance surfactant efficiency.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is also used in dairy and beverage processing for pH adjustment and mineral sequestration.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the food industry as a sequestrant and dispersing agent, where it helps prevent mineral impurities from affecting the quality of food products like dairy, canned vegetables, and seafood.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is applied in the production of meat products, where it helps improve water retention, texture, and color, ensuring that the final product has the desired appearance and consistency.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the preparation of processed potatoes, where it helps prevent browning and enhances the texture and stability of products such as frozen fries and mashed potatoes.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is employed in the production of seafood products, particularly in the preservation and processing of shellfish, to improve texture and reduce the effects of oxidation.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the formulation of cleaning products, where it acts as a water softener and a dispersing agent to help improve the effectiveness of detergents in removing dirt and stains.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the textile industry as a dye fixing agent, where it helps improve the penetration and color fastness of dyes in textiles and garments.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is applied in the oil and gas industry, where it serves as a dispersing agent in drilling fluids, helping to stabilize and improve the efficiency of the drilling process.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the production of ceramic products, where it serves as a dispersing agent to ensure uniform mixing of materials and improve the consistency of the final product.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is employed in the production of water treatment chemicals, where it helps prevent scale formation and corrosion in water systems, improving the efficiency of water treatment processes.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the manufacture of cosmetics and personal care products, where it helps improve the stability and performance of emulsions, particularly in creams and lotions.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the food processing industry to improve the texture and quality of dairy products like cheese and yogurt, by stabilizing the proteins and preventing water separation.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is employed in the preparation of powdered products, such as cake mixes and powdered soups, where it helps ensure even distribution of ingredients and prevents clumping.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the formulation of rust removers and metal cleaners, where it helps dissolve metal oxides and improve the cleaning effectiveness of the products.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is applied in the production of concrete and cement, where it is used as a dispersing agent to improve the workability and consistency of the mix.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in agricultural products, where it acts as a dispersing agent in the formulation of pesticides and herbicides, ensuring uniform application and effectiveness.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is employed in the production of fertilizers, where it helps prevent the precipitation of minerals and improves the nutrient absorption of plants.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the formulation of antistatic agents for industrial applications, improving the performance and reducing dust buildup in various manufacturing processes.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the preparation of water-based coatings, where it helps stabilize the suspension of pigments and enhances the spreadability and coverage of the coating.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is employed in the formulation of pet food, where it improves the texture and appearance of kibble, ensuring consistent quality and palatability.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the manufacture of industrial detergents for heavy-duty cleaning, where it enhances the performance of detergents in removing grease and other difficult contaminants.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the formulation of dental products, such as toothpaste, where it serves as a dispersing agent and helps in the even distribution of fluoride and other active ingredients.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the production of polishes for metals and furniture, where it helps improve the cleaning and shine properties of the polish.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is applied in the manufacture of printing inks, where it helps in dispersing the pigments evenly, ensuring a smooth application and high-quality finish.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the food industry as a stabilizer in canned vegetables and fruits, where it helps maintain their appearance and texture during processing and storage.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is employed in the formulation of foam control agents for industrial processes, improving efficiency by preventing excessive foaming and maintaining optimal system performance.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the production of ceramic glazes, where it acts as a dispersing agent to help evenly distribute the glaze materials and improve the finish of ceramic products.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the preparation of powdered detergents, where it helps improve the uniformity of the detergent mix and enhances cleaning power.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is applied in the formulation of salt and water softening agents, where it helps prevent the build-up of hard water scale in household appliances and plumbing systems.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the preparation of food coatings and batter formulations, where it helps improve the adhesion of coatings to food products like fried chicken and fish.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is employed in the production of personal care products like deodorants and antiperspirants, where it improves product texture and helps prevent irritation.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is an inorganic compound that consists of sodium and pyrophosphate groups, commonly used in a wide range of industrial, food, and personal care applications for its dispersing, sequestering, and stabilizing properties.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is a white, odorless powder that is highly soluble in water, making it ideal for use in various aqueous formulations such as cleaning agents, paints, and food products.
DESCRIPTION
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate is a white, odorless crystalline powder.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is highly water-soluble and exhibits a mildly acidic pH in solution.
SAPP grades can be adjusted for fast or slow reaction rates, providing flexibility in leavening systems.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is stable under dry conditions but hydrolyzes slowly in water to orthophosphate.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is compatible with most food-grade phosphates and baking ingredients.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and complies with international food additive regulations.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is commonly used as a sequestrant, where it binds with metal ions in solutions to prevent the formation of unwanted precipitates and to stabilize formulations in industries such as food, water treatment, and cosmetics.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is an effective dispersing agent that helps evenly distribute particles in suspensions, improving the consistency and performance of products like paints, coatings, and detergents.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used as a stabilizing agent in food products, particularly in seafood and meat products, where it helps improve texture and appearance by maintaining water retention and preventing the loss of essential nutrients.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is highly effective in preventing scale buildup and corrosion in water systems, making it essential in applications such as water treatment, cooling systems, and industrial cleaning.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is used in the formulation of fertilizers and agricultural products to improve nutrient availability and prevent the precipitation of minerals, ensuring efficient absorption by plants.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is known for its ability to enhance the performance of detergents by improving the removal of grease, oil, and stains in industrial and household cleaning applications.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is a versatile chemical compound that finds applications in a variety of industries, including agriculture, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and personal care, due to its excellent performance as a dispersant, stabilizer, and sequestrant.
E450 Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is a safe and effective compound that is widely used in consumer and industrial applications to improve product performance, stability, and overall quality.
PROPERTIES
Chemical Formula: Na₂H₂P₂O₇
Molecular Weight: 221.94 g/mol
Common Name: Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP)
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Taste: Neutral to slightly tart
Solubility: Soluble in water; insoluble in ethanol
pH (1% solution): ~4.0–5.0
Density: Approx. 1.86 g/cm³
Melting Point: Decomposes above 240°C
Stability: Stable when dry; hydrolyzes in moisture
Storage Temperature: 10–30°C
Shelf Life: 24–36 months in original packaging
FIRST AID
Inhalation:
Move to fresh air.
Seek medical attention if irritation occurs.
Skin Contact:
Rinse with water and soap.
Seek medical advice if symptoms persist.
Eye Contact:
Flush eyes with clean water for 15 minutes.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation continues.
Ingestion:
Non-toxic in small quantities.
Rinse mouth and drink water.
Seek medical help if discomfort persists.
Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote required.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling:
Use gloves and goggles when handling bulk material.
Avoid dust formation and inhalation.
Use in well-ventilated areas.
Spill and Leak Procedures:
Sweep or vacuum spilled material.
Avoid creating dust clouds.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.
Storage:
Store in tightly sealed containers in a dry, cool place.
Protect from moisture, heat, and strong acids.
Use proper labeling and FIFO rotation.
Handling Cautions:
Avoid prolonged exposure to moisture to prevent hydrolysis.
Ensure storage away from oxidizers or incompatible chemicals.
