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E509 (Calcium chloride) = Calcium dichloride = CaCl2 = Calciumchloride
CAS Number: 10043-52-4
EC Number: 233-140-8
UNII: OFM21057LP
Brand Name: CaCl or CaCl2
Properties of E509 (Calcium chloride):
Molecular Weight 110.98
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 109.90029 62
Monoisotopic Mass 109.90029 62
Topological Polar Surface Area 0Ų
Heavy Atom Count 3
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 0
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 3
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Physical Description of E509 (Calcium chloride):
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a white to off-white solid. Sinks and mixes with water.
Color/Form of E509 (Calcium chloride):
White cubic crystals or powder
Cubic crystals, granules or fused masses
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula CaCl2.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a white colored crystalline solid at room temperature, and it is highly soluble in water.
E509 (Calcium chloride) can be created by neutralising hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is commonly encountered as a hydrated solid with generic formula CaCl2(H2O)x, where x = 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is mainly used for de-icing and dust control.
Because the anhydrous salt is hygroscopic, E509 (Calcium chloride) is used as a desiccant.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a white deliquescent salt CaCl2 used in its anhydrous state as a drying and dehumidifying agent and in a hydrated state for controlling dust and ice on roads.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a naturally occurring salt derived from limestone.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a white solid and can also be produced synthetically.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is solid at room temperature and dissolves in water.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an ionic compound of calcium and chlorine with the chemical formula CaCl2 and CAS 10043-52-4.
At room temperature, it is a colorless crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in industry as a de-icer, in road surfacing to suppress the formation of dust, in water treatment to increase the hardness of water in swimming pools, and as an additive in plastics and fire extinguishers.
E509 (Calcium chloride), Dihydrate is a white deliquescent compound which is commonly used as a reagent in biochemistry.
Calcium plays important roles in many biological processes, including signal transduction, muscle contraction, maintenance of cell membranes and cell wall stability.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a soluble compound that can serve as a source of calcium ions in a solution.
The compound can be useful for displacing ions from solution; for example, phosphate may be displaced from solution by calcium.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a form of salt — but not the type you sprinkle on your food.
This inorganic compound is a colorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water.
Although similar to table salt in composition, the compound contains calcium instead of sodium.
Hence, when used as a food additive, E509 (Calcium chloride) does not pose the same health risks (specifically, high blood pressure) that exist with sodium-based salt solutions.
Two types of E509 (Calcium chloride) are covered, as follows: Type S (solid), flake, pellet, or granular E509 (Calcium chloride) in varying concentrations; and Type L (liquid), water solutions of E509 (Calcium chloride) in varying concentrations.
Concentrations shall be expressed as a percentage of the total.
Impurities such as alkali chlorides, magnesium, and calcium hydroxide should be within specified composition limits.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an excellent water soluble crystalline Calcium source for uses compatible with chlorides.
Chloride compounds can conduct electricity when fused or dissolved in water.
Chloride materials can be decomposed by electrolysis to chlorine gas and the metal.
They are formed through various chlorination processes whereby at least one chlorine anion (Cl-) is covalently bonded to the relevant metal or cation.
Ultra high purity and proprietary formulations can be prepared.
The chloride ion controls fluid equilibrium and pH levels in metabolic systems.
They can form either inorganic or organic compounds.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is generally immediately available in most volumes.
Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards.
Nanoscale elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered.
E509 (Calcium chloride) (CaCl₂) is one of the most versatile chemicals with endless applications.
Nedmag produces high quality E509 (Calcium chloride) suitable for technical, feed and food applications.
E509 (Calcium chloride) (CaCl2) is an inorganic compound, marketed as 36% solution, 75-78% flakes or 94-97% granules, used for roads de-icing, dust control, brine refrigeration, dehumidification, setting time reduction in concrete, petroleum oil extraction and food processing.
E509 (Calcium chloride) production process basically consists of limestone reaction with hydrochloric acid.
It can be also produced as by-product from Solvay process for soda ash and, only in the U.S., by the concentration and purification of naturally occurring brines from salt lakes and salt deposits.
Consito developed know-how and technologies for E509 (Calcium chloride) production units as 36% solution, 75-78% flakes or 94-97% granules, basing on reaction between limestone and hydrochloric acid.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a salt that can be obtained from natural brines as a by-product from synthetic soda ash production, and can be produced from hydrochloric acid and limestone.
All three methods are in use, with the synthetic route being used for the largest part of the volume.
Consumption fluctuates significantly from one year to another, with the main consuming area, deicing and dust control, being dependent on weather conditions and subject to strong variations.
Consumption also fluctuates in the secondlargest market, which is the use of completion fluids in oil drilling.
Consumption in this segment fluctuates significantly on the back of oil prices and the subsequent exploration and drilling activities.
On the supply side, not all capacities are equally competitive.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a salt made up of one calcium molecule for every two molecules of chlorine.
E509 (Calcium chloride) does some cool stuff with ice removal, food preservation, generating heat, and more!
Here is some other housekeeping information about E509 (Calcium chloride):
Chemical Formula = CaCl2
Molecular Mass = 110.98 g·mol−1
Appearance = White Powder
Odor = None
Solubility = Highly Soluble – For example, you can dissolve 102.2 g/100 mL at 30.2 °C in water.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is created from the ionic bonds that form between calcium cations and chloride anions.
Calcium ions have a charge of +2, while chloride ions have a charge of -1.
The molecule for E509 (Calcium chloride) has one calcium ion (+2) and two chloride ions (-1), which means that the overall charge for the molecule is 0, or neutral.
E509 (Calcium chloride) salts can also form crystals based on these same ionic properties.
Positive calcium ions can orient themselves so that they are close to the negative chloride ions in another molecule.
The uses of E509 (Calcium chloride) are numerous.
They range from natural production in the environment to uses in food and medications
E509 (Calcium chloride), CaCl2, is a white, crystalline salt that is very soluble in water.
Solutions containing 30–45 wt % CaCl2 are used commercially.
Of the alkaline-earth chlorides it is the most soluble in water.
CaCl2 is extremely hygroscopic and liberates large amounts of heat during water absorption and on dissolution.
CaCl2 forms a series of hydrates containing one, two, four, and six moles of water per mole of E509 (Calcium chloride).
Commercial applications of E509 (Calcium chloride) and its hydrates exploit one or more of CaCl2s properties with regard to aqueous solubility, hygroscopic nature, and the heat gained or lost when one hydrated phase changes to another.
Because of CaCl2s high solubility in water, E509 (Calcium chloride) is used to obtain solutions having relatively high densities.
Viscosity is an important property of E509 (Calcium chloride) solutions in terms of engineering design and in application of such solutions to flow-through porous media.
In the United States the principal route for making E509 (Calcium chloride) is by the evaporation of underground brines.
Significant markets in the United States are for deicing during the winter, and roadbed stabilization, and as a dust palliative during the summer.
Use as an accelerator in the ready-mix concrete industry is sizable, but there is concern about the possible corrosion of steel in, highways and buildings.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is also used in oil and gas well drilling.
Food-grade E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in cheese making to aid in rennet coagulation and to replace calcium lost in pasteurization.
In the canning industry CaCl2 is used to firm the skin of fruit such as tomatoes, cucumbers, and jalapenos.
Food-grade E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in the brewing industry as a basic component of certain beers.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is not considered to be harmful to the environment.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an odorless, white, crystalline solid compound that is highly soluble in water.
A type of salt, this chemical is hygroscopic, which means it can attract and absorb water molecules from its surroundings.
E509 (Calcium chloride) has a variety of applications.
A crystalline, white substance, soluble in water, E509 (Calcium chloride) is the chloride salt of calcium, a bivalent metallic element with many crucial biological roles.
Calcium is a major constituent of the skeleton but plays many roles as an intracellular and plasma ion as well.
In medicine, E509 (Calcium chloride) is also used as a 10% solution in injection, for calcium replenishment.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an ionic compound used for the treatment of hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia, and as an antidote to magnesium intoxication due to overdosage of magnesium sulfate.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is commercially available under three different forms: two solid forms and one liquid.
E509 (Calcium chloride) can be bought in the form of flakes containing 77–80% of E509 (Calcium chloride) or granules containing 94% of E509 (Calcium chloride).
In its liquid form, E509 (Calcium chloride) contains from 30% to 42% of E509 (Calcium chloride) per liter of solution, usually sold as 30% solution.
Properties of E509 (Calcium chloride):
CaCl is a white, odorless, salt that reacts with water forming hydrates.
CaCl is cubic crystals, granules, or fused masses found in both anhydrous and dihydrate forms.
Anhydrous forms readily hydrate.
Both the anhydrous salt and the hydrates release heat as they pick up water.
The heat released is useful in melting ice and snow, and the material is used commercially as a de-icer.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is extremely soluble in water, and very concentrated solutions are possible.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is also used as a dust suppressant on dirt and gravel roads.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an inorganic chemical compound with the molecular formula CaCl2.
At normal temperatures and pressures it is an off-white solid.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is often found in an aqueous solution because it is highly solvent in water.
Because it is a salt, E509 (Calcium chloride) in water is an electrolytic solution.
Exposing materials to an aqueous solution containing E509 (Calcium chloride) increases the likelihood and the rate of corrosion.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a salt; more specifically, it is the chloride salt of calcium.
As a salt, it is often used for deicing purposes.
An aqueous solution containing E509 (Calcium chloride) has a lower freezing temperature than sodium chloride.
However, E509 (Calcium chloride) is more expensive than sodium chloride, so for applications where cost is a concern (e.g., treating roadways), sodium chloride is more frequently used.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is also used as a firming agent for foods, and is especially useful when canning vegetables and other types of foods for this reason.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is also hygroscopic, which means it can pull moisture from the surrounding environment, so it is used as a desiccant.
This is beneficial when it is placed in containers with powders that must remain dry.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is usually harvested from limestone using the Solvay process, which involves combining brine and limestone to produce soda ash and E509 (Calcium chloride).
E509 (Calcium chloride) can also be harvested by combining limestone and hydrochloric acid.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an ionic compound of calcium and chlorine.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is highly soluble in water and it is deliquescent.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a salt that is solid at room temperature, and E509 (Calcium chloride) behaves as a typical ionic halide.
E509 (Calcium chloride) has several common applications such as brine for refrigeration plants, ice and dust control on roads, and in cement.
E509 (Calcium chloride) can be produced directly from limestone, but large amounts are also produced as a by-product of the Solvay process.
Because of E509 (Calcium chloride)s hygroscopic nature, it must be kept in tightly-sealed containers.
CaCl2 Uses
E509 (Calcium chloride) has many uses.
A few E509 (Calcium chloride) uses are listed below.
CaCl2 is useful as a food preservative, food additive, for de-icing roads in winter, and as brine in refrigeration plants.
CaCl2 is useful as a swimming pool chemical in water treatment plants.
CaCl2 has many applications in oil-well drilling, metallurgy, rubber, dye, paper, and paint industries.
CaCl2 can be used for the correction of mineral deficiencies in brewing beer
We can use CaCl2 in self-heating cans and heating pads.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a chemical compound made up of calcium ions and chlorine ions.
The ions are held together by an ionic, or weak salt bond.
Mixing E509 (Calcium chloride) with water is an exothermic reaction, which means that the combination of the two substances releases heat.
Thus, when you add E509 (Calcium chloride) to water, the solution heats.
When adding E509 (Calcium chloride) to water, hydrochloric acid and calcium oxide form.
You must be careful when mixing the substances due to the heat of the reaction and the acid produced.
E509 (Calcium chloride)
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an irritating compound and required to be handled with gloves.
CaCl2 is also recommended for the treatment of acute hypermagnesemia, hyperkalemia, and calcium-channel blocker overdose.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a mineral indicated in the immediate treatment of hypocalcemic tetany.
E509 (Calcium chloride) injection is also used in cardiac resuscitation, arrhythmias, hypermagnesemia, calcium channel blocker overdose, and beta-blocker overdose.
Road Surfacing
You can use E509 (Calcium chloride) for treating roads to keep dust down because E509 (Calcium chloride) is “hydroscopic” (meaning it attracts water and it will pull moisture out of the air).
The hydroscopic nature of E509 (Calcium chloride), and its “cousin” magnesium chloride, makes it suitable to spray on roads or to use in horse arenas.
Both compounds will not only keep dust down, but they also help keep a dirt road firmer creating more stability and adding longevity to a dirt road.
E509 (Calcium chloride) on roads may need 50% less grading and 80% less grading materials, which saves a lot, especially on labor and equipment costs.
Keep Food Tasting and Looking Good
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used to help canned vegetables stay firm and helps with color retention.
You will find E509 (Calcium chloride) in pickles, beer, and cheese making as well as in some bottled waters you buy at the store.
You can buy food grade E509 (Calcium chloride) and make your own mineral water.
Some people will add it to purified water along with Epsom salts then add carbonation for their very own version of sparkling mineral water.
Self-Heating Devices
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in self-heating food devices and self-heating warming pads.
If you want hot food, but don’t have a way to cook it, E509 (Calcium chloride) might just save your day.
It can also be used in self-heating warming pads.
Keep Things Dry
You can use E509 (Calcium chloride) as a desiccant (meaning it keeps things dry).
As mentioned earlier, it is a hydroscopic compound, meaning it attracts moisture including humidity out of the air.
Since E509 (Calcium chloride) is generally considered food safe in the US and the EU, it is a safe desiccant to use when packaging items you eat like dietary supplements.
Common Uses of E509 (Calcium chloride):
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in a wide range of industries.
Namely, this material is used to make road de-icing agents and brine.
Other common applications include:
-Dust control
-Desiccation
-Salt-based dehumidifiers
-Calcifying aquarium water
-Increasing water hardness in swimming pools
-Food additive
Applications of E509 (Calcium chloride):
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used as a drying and dehydrating agent for organic liquids and gases and for solids in desiccators.
Common applications include brine for refrigeration plants and ice and dust control on roads.
Use of E509 (Calcium chloride) and urea has been reported to significantly increase average fruit weight and ascorbic acid content in pomegranate.
The strawberry fruit storability can also be improved by edible coating of E509 (Calcium chloride).
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in drying tubes in research laboratories, salt/chemical based dehumidifiers, fire-extinguishers, plastics, ceramic slipware, as flux in the Davy process for the manufacture of sodium and to increase water hardness in swimming pool.
E509 (Calcium chloride) provides inhibition of swelling clays in the water phase of invert emulsion drilling fluids.
CaCl2-Pybox (pyridine flanked by two oxazoline groups) has been reported to be an efficient chiral catalyst for asymmetric 1,4-addition reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with nitroalkenes, affording gamma-nitro carbonyl compounds in high enantioselectivities.
E509 (Calcium chloride) (CaCl2) is often added to milk during cheese making.
Cheese makers will dilute CaCl2 in water and add to the vat before rennet is added.
CaCl2 is used to improve the rennet coagulation process.
Milk abused prior to cheese making can have negative effects on coagulation, and therefore negative effects on the final cheese texture/body.
Milk can be abused many ways: cold/heat abuse, low levels of protein, high somatic cell counts.
Uses of Calcium dichloride:
Because it is strongly hygroscopic, air or other gases may be channeled through a column of E509 (Calcium chloride) to remove moisture.
In particular, E509 (Calcium chloride) is usually used to pack drying tubes to exclude atmospheric moisture from a reaction set-up while allowing gases to escape.
Calcium dichloride can also be added to liquids to remove suspended or dissolved water.
In this capacity, it is known as a drying agent or desiccant.
It is converted to a brine as Calcium dichloride absorbs the water or water vapor from the substance to be dried:
CaCl2 + 2 H2O → CaCl2·2H2O
The dissolving process is highly exothermic and rapidly produces temperatures of around 60° C (140° F).
This can result in burns if humans or other animals eat dry E509 (Calcium chloride) pellets.
Small children are more susceptible to burns than adults, and E509 (Calcium chloride) pellets should be kept out of their reach.
Aided by the intense heat evolved during its dissolution, E509 (Calcium chloride) is also used as an ice-melting compound.
Unlike the more-common sodium chloride (rock salt or halite), it is relatively harmless to plants and soil.
Calcium dichloride is also more effective at lower temperatures than sodium chloride.
When distributed for this use, it usually takes the form of small white balls a few millimetres in diameter, called prills.
Calcium dichloride is used in concrete mixes to help speed up the initial setting.
However chloride ion leads to corrosion of steel rebars, so it should not be used in reinforced concrete.
Calcium dichloride is used for dust control on some highways, as its hygroscopic nature keeps a liquid layer on the surface of the roadway, which holds dust down.
E509 (Calcium chloride) tastes extremely salty and is used an ingredient in some foods, especially pickles, to give a salty taste while not increasing the food's sodium content.
Calcium dichloride's also used as an ingredient in canned vegetables to maintain firmness.
Used as an additive in plastics.
Used as a drainage aid for wastewater treatment.
Aqueous E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in genetic transformation of cells by increasing the cell membrane permeability.
This allows DNA fragments to enter the cell more readily.
Tire ballast
Additive in fire extinguishers
Additive to control scaffolding in blast furnaces
Calcium dichloride can be used to make ersatz caviar from vegetable or fruit juices.
Calcium dichloride is used in Smartwater and some sports drinks as an Electrolyte
USES AND APPLICATIONS FOR CALCIUM CHLORIDE
E509 (Calcium chloride) uses include brine refrigeration, completion fluids, concrete set time accelerator, deicer, drilling fluids, dust control, oil field service chemicals, oil well cementing, oil well cementing set time accelerator, oil well completion fluids, oil well drilling fluids, oil well workover fluids, refrigeration, tire weighting, waste water treatment, workover fluids.
Food and Nutrition:
It is used in canned vegetables, in firming soybean curds into tofu and in producing a caviar substitute from vegetable or fruit juices.
It is commonly used as an electrolyte in sports drinks and other beverages, including bottled water.
Agriculture:
Agriculture products are used as a plant nutrient in pre-harvest treatments of crop foliage, fruits and vegetables.
Paper:
It is used in de-inking, improves dye retention.
Application of E509 (Calcium chloride):
E509 (Calcium chloride) was used during the isolation of total β-glucan from hydrolyzed barley powders.
E509 (Calcium chloride) was also used as a cross-linker during the preparation of Aloe vera pectin gels.
E509 (Calcium chloride) may be used in the following processes:
Modification of natural zeolite to increase its ability of fluoride removal.
Synthesis of calcium sulfate whiskers utilized in making polymer reinforcing composite materials.
Synthesis of E509 (Calcium chloride)-anodized aluminum composites, a solid sorbent.
As an extractant in the soil analysis process.
As a catalyst in the synthesis of aldols by reacting dimethylsilyl (DMS) enolates with aldehydes.
De-icing and freezing-point depression with E509 (Calcium chloride)
By depressing the freezing point of water, E509 (Calcium chloride) is used to prevent ice formation and is used to de-ice.
This application consumes the greatest amount of E509 (Calcium chloride).
E509 (Calcium chloride) is relatively harmless to plants and soil.
As a deicing agent, it is much more effective at lower temperatures than sodium chloride.
When distributed for this use, it usually takes the form of small, white spheres a few millimeters in diameter, called prills.
Solutions of E509 (Calcium chloride) can prevent freezing at temperatures as low as −52 °C (−62 °F), making it ideal for filling agricultural implement tires as a liquid ballast, aiding traction in cold climates.
It is also used in domestic and industrial chemical air dehumidifiers.
Road surfacing with E509 (Calcium chloride)
The second largest application of E509 (Calcium chloride) exploits its hygroscopic nature and the tackiness of its hydrates; E509 (Calcium chloride) is highly hygroscopic and its hydration is an exothermic reaction.
A concentrated solution keeps a liquid layer on the surface of dirt roads, which suppresses the formation of dust.
E509 (Calcium chloride) keeps the finer dust particles on the road, providing a cushioning layer.
If these are allowed to blow away, the large aggregate begins to shift around and the road breaks down.
Using E509 (Calcium chloride) reduces the need for grading by as much as 50% and the need for fill-in materials as much as 80%.
Food and E509 (Calcium chloride)
The average intake of E509 (Calcium chloride) as food additives has been estimated to be 160–345 mg/day.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is permitted as a food additive in the European Union for use as a sequestrant and firming agent with the E number E509.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is considered as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
E509 (Calcium chloride)s use in organic crop production is generally prohibited under the US National Organic Program.
In marine aquariums, E509 (Calcium chloride) is one way to introduce bioavailable calcium for calcium carbonate-shelled animals such as mollusks and some cnidarians.
Calcium hydroxide (kalkwasser mix) or a calcium reactor can also be used.
As a firming agent, E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in canned vegetables, in firming soybean curds into tofu and in producing a caviar substitute from vegetable or fruit juices.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is commonly used as an electrolyte in sports drinks and other beverages, including bottled water.
The extremely salty taste of E509 (Calcium chloride) is used to flavor pickles without increasing the food's sodium content.
E509 (Calcium chloride)'s freezing-point depression properties are used to slow the freezing of the caramel in caramel-filled chocolate bars.
Also, it is frequently added to sliced apples to maintain texture.
In brewing beer, E509 (Calcium chloride) is sometimes used to correct mineral deficiencies in the brewing water.
E509 (Calcium chloride) affects flavor and chemical reactions during the brewing process, and can also affect yeast function during fermentation.
In cheesemaking, E509 (Calcium chloride) is sometimes added to processed (pasteurized/homogenized) milk to restore the natural balance between calcium and protein in casein.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is added before the coagulant.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used to prevent cork spot and bitter pit on apples by spraying on the tree during the late growing season.
Some of the many other uses for E509 (Calcium chloride) in other industries and applications include the food industry as a firming agent and electrolyte in sports drinks.
The cement industry uses it as an accelerant, the chemical industry as additives in plastics, fire extinguishers, production of activated charcoal and heating pads due to exothermic properties (generating heat).
Agricultural uses include a source of calcium for soil and spraying apple trees to prevent spotting as well as many other uses.
In the oil industry, due to it's higher density it is used to increase density of brines and as drilling well kill fluids.
The Many Uses of E509 (Calcium chloride) in Food
Fundamentally E509 (Calcium chloride) is a desiccant and is often used as a firming agent.
That is, it helps keep foods from becoming mushy when they sit on store shelves – particularly canned foods.
You’re likely to find it in almost any canned fruit or vegetable, as it does a lot to extend the shelf lives of those foods.
However, that’s just the start of the usefulness of E509 (Calcium chloride).
Cheesemaking
Another extremely commonplace use of E509 (Calcium chloride) is when making cheese.
At a basic level, it acts as a firming agent here too – helping the cheese curds clump together and be more stable once they do.
Beyond that, it’s also highly useful for regulating the process of separating curds and whey.
Small amounts of E509 (Calcium chloride) can be added to milk, changing both its calcium content and its pH level, which in turn will change the properties of the cheese which is made.
The substance is also used in the making of tofu, particularly firm tofu, in a similar fashion.
Brewing Beer
E509 (Calcium chloride) is also commonly seen among brewers, as one of many “brewing salts” which can be added to affect the type and quality of the beer produced.
It can help correct for unbalanced mineral levels, as well as – again – altering the pH of the beer.
This is vital for creating a stable product!
Spheres
One of the more interesting properties of E509 (Calcium chloride) is that when it’s combined with sodium alginate (another safe food additive) it can make liquids combine into small semi-solid spheres.
This is used for making fake caviar, as well as other novelty foods.
Applications of E509 (Calcium chloride):
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in concrete mixes to accelerate the initial setting, but chloride ions lead to corrosion of steel rebar, so it should not be used in reinforced concrete.
The anhydrous form of E509 (Calcium chloride) may also be used for this purpose and can provide a measure of the moisture in concrete.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is included as an additive in plastics and in fire extinguishers, in blast furnaces as an additive to control scaffolding (clumping and adhesion of materials that prevent the furnace charge from descending), and in fabric softener as a thinner.
The exothermic dissolution of E509 (Calcium chloride) is used in self-heating cans and heating pads.
In the oil industry, E509 (Calcium chloride) is used to increase the density of solids-free brines.
It is also used to provide inhibition of swelling clays in the water phase of invert emulsion drilling fluids.
CaCl2 acts as flux material, decreasing the melting point, in the Davy process for the industrial production of sodium metal through the electrolysis of molten NaCl.
Similarly, CaCl2 is used as a flux and electrolyte in the FFC Cambridge process for titanium production, where it ensures the proper exchange of calcium and oxygen ions between the electrodes.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is also used in the production of activated charcoal.
E509 (Calcium chloride) can be used to precipitate fluoride ions from water as insoluble CaF2.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is also an ingredient used in ceramic slipware.
It suspends clay particles so that they float within the solution, making it easier to use in a variety of slipcasting techniques
Physical Properties of E509 (Calcium chloride) and Hydrates:
E509 (Calcium chloride) has got various physical properties.
Anhydrous E509 (Calcium chloride) and the lower hydrates release a large amount of heat when dissolved in water (negative values for Heat of Solution).
CaCl2 as a Chemical:
Decomposes on heating.
This produces toxic and corrosive fumes of chlorine.
The solution in water is a weak base.
Attacks zinc in the presence of water.
This produces flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen).
Dissolves violently in water with liberation of much heat.
Pharmacodynamic properties
Calcium is essential to the function of the nervous, muscular and skeletal systems.
Calcium also plays a part in cardiac function, renal function, respiration and blood coagulation.
Calcium ions increase the force of myocardial contraction.
In response to electrical stimulation of muscle, calcium ions enter the sarcoplasm from the extracellular space.
Calcium ions contained in the sarcoplasmic reticulum are rapidly transferred to the sites of interaction between the actin and myosin filaments of the sarcomere to initiate myofibril shortening.
Thus, calcium increases myocardial function.
Calcium's positive inotropic effects are modulated by its action on systemic vascular resistance.
Calcium may either increase or decrease systemic vascular resistance.
In the normal heart, calcium's positive inotropic and vasoconstricting effect produces a predictable rise in systemic arterial pressure.
Solubility of E509 (Calcium chloride):
Although E509 (Calcium chloride) is highly soluble in water at ordinary temperatures, crystallization will occur under certain temperature and concentration conditions.
Concentrated solutions of E509 (Calcium chloride) have a marked tendency to supercool; i.e., the temperature of the solution may fall several degrees below the phase boundary without crystallization taking place.
When crystals finally form in these supercooled solutions, the temperature of the mixture will rise to the limit defined by the phase diagram.
Crystallization points of commercial E509 (Calcium chloride) brines will differ slightly from those of pure E509 (Calcium chloride).
Moisture Absorption of E509 (Calcium chloride):
E509 (Calcium chloride) is both hygroscopic and deliquescent.
Thus, under common ambient conditions, solid material will absorb moisture from the air until it dissolves.
E509 (Calcium chloride) solutions will absorb moisture until an equilibrium is reached between the water vapor pressure of the solution and that of the air.
If the humidity of the air increases, more moisture is absorbed by the solution.
If it decreases, water evaporates from the solution into the air.
Surface Tension
Surface tension is the force on the surface of a liquid that tends to diminish the surface area to a minimum.
It is a result of differences in intermolecular attraction at the surface and in the interior of the liquid.
At the surface, all the molecules are attracted inward; in the interior, the attraction is the same in all directions.
Surface tension has an important effect on the wetting and penetration abilities of a liquid, and on its ability to form emulsions.
The lower the surface tension, the greater the liquid’s wetting and penetration ability, and its ability to form an emulsion.
How to Handle E509 (Calcium chloride) Safely
E509 (Calcium chloride) can be safe to use if handled properly.
If you're working with E509 (Calcium chloride) for long periods of time, make sure you are in a well-ventilated area or take frequent breaks for fresh air.
When storing E509 (Calcium chloride), keep it dry, concealed and away from zinc (since the two substances can react if mixed). If E509 (Calcium chloride) happens to spill, the IPCS recommends safely sweeping it into covered containers, moistening the salt if needed to more easily stow it.
Preperation of E509 (Calcium chloride):
In much of the world, E509 (Calcium chloride) is derived from limestone as a by-product of the Solvay process, which follows the net reaction below:
2 NaCl + CaCO3 → Na2CO3 + CaCl2
North American consumption in 2002 was 1,529,000 tonnes (3.37 billion pounds).
In the US, most of E509 (Calcium chloride) is obtained by purification from brine.
As with most bulk commodity salt products, trace amounts of other cations from the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals (groups 1 and 2) and other anions from the halogens (group 17) typically occur, but the concentrations are trifling.
Occurrence of E509 (Calcium chloride)
E509 (Calcium chloride) occurs as the rare evaporite minerals sinjarite (dihydrate) and antarcticite (hexahydrate).
Another natural hydrate known is ghiaraite - a tetrahydrate.
The related minerals chlorocalcite (potassium E509 (Calcium chloride), KCaCl3) and tachyhydrite (calcium magnesium chloride, Ca Mg2Cl6·12H2O) are also very rare.
So is true for rorisite, CaClF (E509 (Calcium chloride) fluoride).
E509 (Calcium chloride) Ice Melt
When it comes to finding the most powerful ingredient for melting ice, E509 (Calcium chloride) ice melt is generally the top choice.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a chemical used for numerous purposes, including refrigeration, dust control, and melting ice.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is available in liquid formulations, but as an ice melter it is usually provided in pellet or flake form.
If you are thinking of using E509 (Calcium chloride) on your residential or commercial property but are unsure of its benefits compared to other ice melters, the following information will help you make an informed decision.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is widely used by commercial businesses for melting ice and is the preferred choice over common rock salt.
It has several key advantages, the most important being the following:
Quick Melt
E509 (Calcium chloride) has the most powerful and quickest melting action on the market today.
For ice to melt, deicing chemicals must first reach the pavement and dissolve into brine.
E509 (Calcium chloride) absorbs moisture from the atmosphere as opposed to relying on the little water that snow has to offer.
As it returns to liquid state and mixes with water, E509 (Calcium chloride) also becomes exothermic—it releases thermal energy that further helps in melting the ice surrounding it, which in turn allows it to release more thermal energy.
Cold Temperatures
E509 (Calcium chloride) currently holds the record for melting ice at the coldest temperatures.
While potassium chloride can melt ice down to approximately -13°F (-25°C) and rock salt down to -10°F (-23.3°C), E509 (Calcium chloride) can melt down to -25°F(-31.7°C).
This makes E509 (Calcium chloride) ice melt the most effective ice melter during harsh winter conditions and heavy snowstorms.
E509 (Calcium chloride) in its anhydrous form is an economical drying agent and very important for drying processes in laboratories.
Those are for example: drying of liquids and neutral gases.
It is also a very good drying agent for a wide variety of solvents.
E509 (Calcium chloride) is suitable for drying acetone, ethers, numerous esters, aliphatic, olefinic, aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons, and neutral gases.
Since E509 (Calcium chloride) is also available in granular form, it is often used in drying tubes.
Note: E509 (Calcium chloride) is not suitable for drying ammonia, amines, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones and some esters because these substances are bound by CaCl2.
E509 (Calcium chloride) has a drying capacity up to 98%.
It binds the water through crystallization and can be regenerated by warming.
Regenerate at 250°C for at least 1 hour.
FDA Regulation for CaCl2:
E509 (Calcium chloride) is GRAS status as regulated by FDA in Code of Federal Regulations 21CFR184.1193.
The maximum levels for E509 (Calcium chloride) addition are also regulated in different kinds of food.
They are:
-0.3% for baked goods and dairy product analogs
-0.22% for nonalcoholic beverages and beverage bases
-0.2% for cheese and processed fruit and fruit juices
-0.32% for coffee and tea
-0.4% for condiments and relishes
-0.2% for gravies and sauces
-0.1% for commercial jams and jellies
-0.25% for meat products
-2.0% for plant protein products
-0.4% for processed vegetables and vegetable juices
-0.05% for all other food categories
Storing & Disposing of E509 (Calcium chloride)
Store E509 (Calcium chloride) in a secure area away from incompatible materials and moisture.
Keep container tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
This chemical must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local environmental control regulations.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is E509 (Calcium chloride) made of?
E509 (Calcium chloride) is a calcium-derived salt that occurs naturally.
It is a solid white and can be rendered synthetically as well.
Is E509 (Calcium chloride) a natural product?
Natural E509 (Calcium chloride) contains small quantities of sodium chloride and potassium chloride transported from the natural feedstock of the brine.
This covers nearly all food-grade E509 (Calcium chloride) applications.
What is E509 (Calcium chloride) commonly used for?
E509 (Calcium chloride) is an excellent desiccant as a hygroscopic agent to eliminate dissolved moisture in liquids and is suitable for use in food packaging to improve dryness and avoid spoilage.
What happens when E509 (Calcium chloride) is exposed to air?
Because calcium carbide is a fragile material, when exposed to air, it absorbs water from the atmosphere.
When anhydrous E509 (Calcium chloride) becomes released in the sun, it also absorbs heat from the atmosphere and becomes a colorless solution.
Is calcium electrically conductive?
Calcium is more difficult than lead, but with an effort, it can be cut with a knife.
Although calcium is a weaker electricity conductor than copper or aluminum by weight, due to its very low density, it is a better mass conductor than both.
Why is E509 (Calcium chloride) in drinking water?
It’s commonly used in sports drinks and other beverages, including bottled water, as an electrolyte.
E509 (Calcium chloride) ‘s highly salty taste is used to flavor pickles, without increasing the sodium content of the food.
What foods contain E509 (Calcium chloride)?
E509 (Calcium chloride) is used as a firming agent in canned vegetables, to firm soybean curds into tofu, and to make a caviar substitute from vegetable or fruit juices.
It’s commonly used in sports drinks and other beverages, including bottled water, as an electrolyte.
Synonyms of E509 (Calcium chloride):
CALCIUM CHLORIDE, DIHYDRATE
MFCD00149613
Cal Plus
Conclyte-Ca (TN)
1653AH
8217AF
AKOS024457459
CALCIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE, ACSculture, suitable for plant cell culture, >=99.0%
