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Fumaric Acid, also known as E297 in food applications, is a naturally occurring organic acid widely used as a food additive, acidity regulator, and preservative.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is known for its sour taste and excellent stability, making it a popular ingredient in beverages, baked goods, and confectioneries.
In addition to its food uses, Fumaric Acid (E297) serves as an intermediate in chemical synthesis and is used in the production of resins, paints, and pharmaceuticals.
CAS Number: 110-17-8
EC Number: 203-743-0
Molecular Formula: C4H4O4
Molecular Weight: 116.07 g/mol
Synonyms: Fumaric Acid, E297, Trans-Butenedioic Acid, Trans-1,2-Ethylene Dicarboxylic Acid, Fumarate, Trans-Fumaric Acid, Fumaric Acid Powder, Allomaleic Acid, Lichenic Acid, C4H4O4, Food Acid E297, Acidulant Fumaric Acid, Fumaric Acid Crystalline, Anti-Caking Agent Fumaric Acid, C.I. 76145, Fumarate Compound, Baking Acid Fumaric Acid, Fumaric Acid Food Grade, Unsaturated Dicarboxylic Acid, Trans-But-2-enedioic Acid, Fumaric Acid Monomer, C4H4O4 Isomer, Acidity Regulator E297, Dicarboxylic Acid Fumaric Acid, Fumaric Acid for Beverages, Pharmaceutical Fumaric Acid, Industrial Fumaric Acid
APPLICATIONS
Fumaric Acid (E297) is widely used as an acidulant in beverages, where it provides a sour taste and improves flavor stability.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is included in powdered drink mixes, where it serves as a preservative and enhances shelf life by controlling pH.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is essential in carbonated drinks, where it acts as an acidity regulator, balancing flavors and improving beverage stability.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is found in baked goods, where it acts as a leavening agent in combination with baking soda, improving texture and volume.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is used in dough conditioners, where it strengthens gluten, enhancing dough elasticity and baking performance.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is an ingredient in tortilla and flatbread recipes, where it extends shelf life and maintains the softness of the product.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is applied in confectioneries, where it adds tartness and improves flavor intensity in candies and gummies.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is used in jams, jellies, and preserves, where it acts as a preservative, enhancing color stability and flavor retention.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is included in fruit fillings and syrups, where it prevents crystallization and extends product shelf life.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is found in pharmaceutical formulations, where it serves as an acidity regulator and stabilizer for various active ingredients.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is applied in effervescent tablets, where it controls pH and ensures proper dissolution upon contact with water.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is used in dietary supplements, particularly in powdered forms, where it stabilizes vitamins and minerals.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is utilized in animal feed, where it improves palatability and helps control pH, enhancing nutrient absorption in livestock.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is used in swine feed as an acidifier, where it reduces pathogens in the digestive tract, promoting gut health.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is included in poultry feed, where it provides acidity control, aiding in nutrient metabolism.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is incorporated into resin formulations, where it acts as a crosslinking agent, enhancing the durability and heat resistance of resins.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is used in unsaturated polyester resins, where it provides rigidity and strength, making it ideal for reinforced plastic applications.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is applied in alkyd resins for paints and coatings, where it improves adhesion, color stability, and durability.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is a valuable additive in lubricants, where it enhances heat stability and prevents oxidation in high-temperature applications.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is utilized in surfactant production, where it serves as a building block for biodegradable and eco-friendly detergents.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is employed in rust removers, where it chelates metal ions, making it effective in cleaning and removing rust from metal surfaces.
DESCRIPTION
Fumaric Acid (E297) is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid found in various fruits and vegetables, known for its sour taste and high stability.
As an acidulant and preservative, Fumaric Acid (E297) is commonly used in food, beverages, and pharmaceuticals to regulate pH and extend shelf life.
Fumaric Acid (E297) is recognized for its excellent stability in dry, powdered forms, making it ideal for powdered drink mixes, baking powders, and dietary supplements.
Due to its high melting point, Fumaric Acid (E297) is used in industrial applications, where it enhances durability, heat resistance, and adhesion properties.
This compound is biodegradable and non-toxic, making it suitable for environmentally-friendly formulations, especially in detergents and cleaners.
In addition to food and industrial uses, Fumaric Acid (E297) is an intermediate in chemical synthesis, essential for producing polymers, resins, and pharmaceuticals.
PROPERTIES
Chemical Formula: C4H4O4
Molecular Weight: 116.07 g/mol
Common Name: Fumaric Acid (E297)
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Density: Approx. 1.64 g/cm³
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: 287°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol
Flash Point: Non-flammable
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; avoid strong oxidizing agents
Chemical Stability: Stable in recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
FIRST AID
Inhalation:
If Fumaric Acid (E297) dust is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.
Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.
Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.
Ingestion:
If Fumaric Acid (E297) is ingested, rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.
Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling:
Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and safety goggles, when handling large quantities of Fumaric Acid (E297).
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of dust.
Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling Fumaric Acid (E297) to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.
Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Fumaric Acid (E297).
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Sweep up spills carefully to avoid dust generation and dispose of according to local regulations.
Storage:
Store Fumaric Acid (E297) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and moisture.
Handling Cautions:
Avoid inhalation of dust and direct contact with skin and eyes.
Use explosion-proof equipment in areas where dust particles may be present.
