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CAS NUMBER: 9000-01-5
EC NUMBER: 232-519-5
MOLECULAR FORMULA: C12H36
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 180.41
IUPAC NAME: ethane
Gum Arabic is a white powder
Powdered exudate from various Acacia species, especially A. senegal (Leguminosae).
Gum Arabic forms mucilage or syrup in water.
Gum Arabic is used as:
-a suspending agent
-excipient
-emulsifier in foods and pharmaceuticals.
Gum Arabic, also known as gum sudani, acacia gum, Arabic gum, gum acacia, acacia, Senegal gum, Indian gum, and by other names, is a natural gum originally consisting of the hardened sap of two species of the Acacia sensu lato tree, Senegalia senegal and Vachellia seyal.
The term "gum arabic" does not legally indicate a particular botanical source, however.
The gum is harvested commercially from wild trees, mostly in Sudan (80%) and throughout the Sahel, from Senegal to Somalia.
The name "gum Arabic" (al-samgh al-'arabi) was used in the Middle East at least as early as the 9th century.
Gum Arabic first found its way to Europe via Arabic ports, so retained its name.
Gum Arabic is a complex mixture of glycoproteins and polysaccharides, predominantly polymers of arabinose and galactose.
Gum Arabic is soluble in water, edible, and used primarily in the food industry and soft-drink industry as a stabilizer, with E number E414.
Gum Arabic is a key ingredient in traditional lithography and is used in printing, paint production, glue, cosmetics, and various industrial applications, including viscosity control in inks and in textile industries, though less expensive materials compete with it for many of these roles.
Health Benefits:
Gum Arabic is a rich source of dietary fibers and in addition to its widespread use in food and pharmaceutical industries as a safe thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer
Gum Arabic also possesses a broad range of health benefits that have been evidently proved through several in vitro and in vivo studies.
Gum Arabic is not degraded in the stomach but fermented in the large intestine into a number of short chain fatty acids.
Gum Arabic is regarded as a prebiotic that enhances the growth and proliferation of the beneficial intestinal microbiota and therefore its intake is associated with many useful health effects.
These health benefits include:
-Improved absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract
-Anti-diabetic
-Anti-obesity (Gum Arabic lowers the body mass index and body fat percentage)
-Lipid lowering potential (Gum Arabic decreases total cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride)
-Antioxidant activities
-Kidney and liver support
-Immune function via modulating the release of some inflammatory mediators
-Prebiotic improving the intestinal barrier function, preventing colon cancer, and alleviating symptoms of irritable bowel diseases
-In rats, a protective effect on the intestine against the adverse actions of the NSAID drug meloxicam
USES:
Gum Arabic's mixture of polysaccharides and glycoproteins gives it the properties of a glue and binder that is edible by humans.
Other substances have replaced it where toxicity is not an issue, as the proportions of the various chemicals in gum arabic vary widely and make it unpredictable.
Still, it remains an important ingredient in soft drink syrup and "hard" gummy candies such as gumdrops, marshmallows, and M&M's chocolate candies.
For artists, it is the traditional binder in watercolor paint and in photography for gum printing
And it is used as a binder in pyrotechnic compositions.
Pharmaceutical drugs and cosmetics also use the gum as a binder, emulsifying agent, and a suspending or viscosity-increasing agent.
Wine makers have used gum arabic as a wine fining agent.
Gum Arabic is an important ingredient in shoe polish, and can be used in making homemade incense cones.
Gum Arabic is also used as a lickable adhesive, for example on postage stamps, envelopes, and cigarette papers.
Lithographic printers employ it to keep the non-image areas of the plate receptive to water.
This treatment also helps to stop oxidation of aluminium printing plates in the interval between processing of the plate and its use on a printing press.
Food:
Gum Arabic is used in the food industry as:
-a stabiliser
-emulsifier
-thickening agent in icing
-fillings
-soft candy
-chewing gum
-other confectionery and to bind the sweeteners
-flavourings in soft drinks
A solution of sugar and gum arabic in water, gomme syrup, is sometimes used in cocktails to prevent the sugar from crystallising and provide a smooth texture.
Painting and Art:
Gum Arabic is used as a binder for watercolor painting because it dissolves easily in water.
Pigment of any color is suspended within the acacia gum in varying amounts, resulting in watercolor paint.
Water acts as a vehicle or a diluent to thin the watercolor paint and helps to transfer the paint to a surface such as paper.
When all moisture evaporates, the acacia gum typically does not bind the pigment to the paper surface, but is totally absorbed by deeper layers
Ceramics:
Gum Arabic has a long history as additives to ceramic glazes.
Gum Arabic acts as a binder, helping the glaze adhere to the clay before it is fired, thereby minimising damage by handling during the manufacture of the piece.
As a secondary effect, Gum Arabic also acts as a deflocculant, increasing the fluidity of the glaze mixture, but also making it more likely to sediment out into a hard cake if not used for a while.
Photography:
The historical photography process of gum bichromate photography uses gum arabic mixed with ammonium or potassium dichromate and pigment to create a coloured photographic emulsion that becomes relatively insoluble in water upon exposure to ultraviolet light.
In the final print, the acacia gum permanently binds the pigments onto the paper.
Printmaking:
Gum Arabic is also used to protect and etch an image in lithographic processes, both from traditional stones and aluminum plates.
In lithography, gum by itself may be used to etch very light tones, such as those made with a number-five crayon.
Phosphoric, nitric, or tannic acid is added in varying concentrations to the acacia gum to etch the darker tones up to dark blacks.
The etching process creates a gum adsorb layer within the matrix that attracts water, ensuring that the oil-based ink does not stick to those areas.
Gum is also essential to what is sometimes called paper lithography, printing from an image created by a laser printer or photocopier.
Pyrotechnics:
Gum Arabic is also used as a water-soluble binder in fireworks composition.
Fuel charcoal:
Gum Arabic is used as a binding agent in the making of fuel charcoal.
Charcoal made from the taifa plant is powdery, and so in order to form charcoal cakes, gum arabic is mixed with this powder and allowed to dry.
Fuel charcoal made from taifa and gum arabic is used for cooking fires in Senegal and a few other African countries.
Gum Arabic is the gum that is exuded from certain trees, such as the Acacia senegal tree.
Gum Arabic's a source of dietary fiber that can dissolve in water.
Gum Arabic tends to make people feel full, so they might stop eating earlier than they otherwise would.
This might lead to weight loss and reduced cholesterol levels.
Gum Arabic is used for high cholesterol, diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
Gum Arabic is stable in acid conditions and is widely used as an emulsifier in the production of concentrated citrus and cola flavor oils for application in soft drinks.
Gum Arabic, also known as Gum Acacia, is a tree gum exudate that has been an important commercial ingredient since ancient times
Gum Arabic is the resin that oozes from the stems and branches of trees.
Production of Gum Arabic or Gum Acacia is stimulated by `tapping,’ which involves removing sections of the bark, taking care not to damage the tree.
Chemical And Molecular Structure Of Gum Arabic:
Gum Arabic consists mainly of calcium, magnesium and potassium salts which yield arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid after hydrolysis.
Chemical compositions of Gum Arabic may vary slightly with the source, climate, season, and age of the tree.
Acacia Senegal and Acacia Seyal both contain the same carbohydrate residues.
Gum Arabic, or also called acacia gum, char goond, chaar gund, or meska, is a type of natural gum that is made from the hardened sap of different species of acacia tree.
Back in the early days, gum Arabic was being collected from the acacia nilotica that was referred to as gum Arabic tree these days.
The Gum Arabic is being mainly collected from the two related species, specifically Vachellia or Acacia seyal and acacia senegall.
This Gum Arabic is being used mainly in food industry as stabilizer.
This is edible and comes with E number E414.
Gum Arabic is also the main ingredient in the traditional lithography and being used in paint production, printing, cosmetics, glue, and different industrial applications, which include viscosity control in textile industries and inks although the more affordable materials compete with this for most of these roles.
Gum Arabic is the most widely used of the water-soluble gums.
True Gum Arabic is gum acacia
Gum Arabic is produced by species of Acacia
Gum Arabic is a water-soluble gum obtained from several acacias (especially Acacia senegal) and used especially in the manufacture of inks, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, and confections
Gum Arabic is a water-soluble, gummy exudate obtained from the acacia tree, especially Acacia senegal, used as an emulsifier, an adhesive, in inks, and in pharmaceuticals.
Gum Arabic, also known as gum sudani
Gum Arabic is also sometimes called acacia gum or acacia powder
Gum Arabic is a fibrous product made from the natural hardened sap of two types of wild Acacia trees.
Around the world, gum arabic goes by many names, including acacia gum, arabic gum, acacia powder, Senegal gum, Indian gum and others.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
-Molecular Weight: 180.41
-Exact Mass: 180.281701148
-Monoisotopic Mass: 180.281701148
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
-Physical Description: Gum Arabic is a white powder
-Solubility: 1 g dissolves in 2 ml of cold water forming a solution which flows readily and is acid to litmus, insoluble in ethanol
-Density: 1.35-1.45
Gum Arabic is produced by species of Acacia
Gum Arabic is a water-soluble gum obtained from several acacias (especially Acacia senegal) and used especially in the manufacture of inks, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, and confections
Gum Arabic is a water-soluble, gummy exudate obtained from the acacia tree, especially Acacia senegal, used as an emulsifier, an adhesive, in inks, and in pharmaceuticals.
Gum Arabic is a white powder
Gum Arabic forms mucilage or syrup in water.
Gum Arabic, also known as gum sudani, acacia gum, Arabic gum, gum acacia, acacia, Senegal gum, Indian gum, and by other names, is a natural gum originally consisting of the hardened sap of two species of the Acacia sensu lato tree, Senegalia senegal and Vachellia seyal.
The term "gum arabic" does not legally indicate a particular botanical source, however.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
-Rotatable Bond Count: 0
-Heavy Atom Count: 12
-Formal Charge: 0
-Complexity: 0
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 6
-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
The name "Gum Arabic" (al-samgh al-'arabi) was used in the Middle East at least as early as the 9th century.
Gum Arabic first found its way to Europe via Arabic ports, so retained its name.
Gum Arabic is a complex mixture of glycoproteins and polysaccharides, predominantly polymers of arabinose and galactose.
Gum Arabic is soluble in water, edible, and used primarily in the food industry and soft-drink industry as a stabilizer, with E number E414.
Gum Arabic is a key ingredient in traditional lithography and is used in printing, paint production, glue, cosmetics, and various industrial applications, including viscosity control in inks and in textile industries, though less expensive materials compete with it for many of these roles.
Gum Arabic is used for high cholesterol, diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
Gum Arabic is stable in acid conditions and is widely used as an emulsifier in the production of concentrated citrus and cola flavor oils for application in soft drinks.
Gum Arabic, also known as Gum Acacia, is a tree gum exudate that has been an important commercial ingredient since ancient times
Gum Arabic is the resin that oozes from the stems and branches of trees.
Production of Gum Arabic or Gum Acacia is stimulated by `tapping,’ which involves removing sections of the bark, taking care not to damage the tree.
Gum Arabic, also known as gum sudani
Gum Arabic is also sometimes called acacia gum or acacia powder
SYNONYMS:
Acacia Gum
Acacia, Gum
Arabic, Gum
Gum Acacia
Gum Arabic
Gum, Acacia
Gum Arabic
9000-01-5
YG58641
gum acacia
E414
gum acacia
arabic gum
acacia
acacia gum
octenyl succinic
resin
spirit gum
gluey substance
gum accacia
gum-arabic
sticky substance
succinic acid
succinic acids
