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Caproic acid, also known as hexanoic acid, is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)4COOH.
Hexanoic Acid is a colorless oily liquid with an odor that is fatty, cheesy, waxy, and like that of goats or other barnyard animals.
Hexanoic Acid is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils, and is one of the chemicals that gives the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo its characteristic unpleasant odor.
CAS: 142-62-1
MF: C6H12O2
MW: 116.16
EINECS: 205-550-7
Synonyms
RARECHEM AL BO 0183;PENTYLFORMIC ACID;PENTANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID;N-HEXANOIC ACID;N-CAPROIC ACID;CAPROIC ACID (HEXANOIC ACID);HEXANOIC ACID 98+% NATURAL FCC;HEXANOIC ACID 98+% FCC
Hexanoic Acid is also one of the components of vanilla and cheese.
The primary use of Hexanoic Acid is in the manufacture of its esters for use as artificial flavors, and in the manufacture of hexyl derivatives, such as hexylphenols.
Salts and esters of Hexanoic Acid are known as caproates or hexanoates.
Several progestin medications are caproate esters, such as hydroxyprogesterone caproate and gestonorone caproate.
Two other acids are named after goats: caprylic acid (C8) and capric acid (C10).
Along with Hexanoic Acid, they account for 15% of the fat in goat's milk.
Hexanoic Acid, caprylic, and capric acids (capric is a crystal- or wax-like substance, whereas the other two are mobile liquids) are not only used for the formation of esters, but also commonly used "neat" in: butter, milk, cream, strawberry, bread, beer, nut, and other flavors.
Hexanoic Acid, is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the general formula C5H11COOH.
Hexanoic Acid is a colorless oily liquid with an odor that is fatty, cheesy, waxy, and like that of goats or other barnyard animals.
Hexanoic Acid is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils, and is one of the chemicals that give the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo its characteristic unpleasant odor.
The primary use ofHexanoic Acid is in the manufacture of its esters for artificial flavors, and in the manufacture of hexyl derivatives, such as hexylphenols.
Hexanoic Acid belongs to medium chain triglycerides (MCT) that are widely used as a nutrition supplement that added to foods, drugs and cosmetics.
hexanoic acid is produced by fractionation of the volatile fatty acids of coconut oil.
Hexanoic acid is a C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid.
Hexanoic Acid has a role as a human metabolite and a plant metabolite.
Hexanoic Acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a medium-chain fatty acid.
Hexanoic Acid is a conjugate acid of a hexanoate.
Hexanoic acid is an oily carboxylic acid found (as glycerides) in cow’s milk and some vegetable oils.
Hexanoic Acid is a white crystalline solid or colorless to light yellow solution with an unpleasant odor.
Insoluble to slightly soluble in water and less dense than water.
Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
May be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.
Used to make perfumes.
Hexanoic Acid is a sodium salt that is used as a preservative in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Hexanoic Acid is found naturally in many fruits and vegetables such as apples, grapes, blackberries, tomatoes, oranges, cucumbers, and potatoes.
Hexanoic Acid has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).
MMPs are enzymes that break down the extracellular matrix or collagen in tissue.
This breakdown allows for the release of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory molecules that can cause damage to tissues.
Hexanoic Acid may also be useful as a treatment for infectious diseases.
Hexanoic acid, also known as caproic acid, is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)4COOH.
Hexanoic Acid is a colorless oily liquid with an odor that is fatty, cheesy, waxy, and like that of goats or other barnyard animals.
Hexanoic Acid is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils, and is one of the chemicals that gives the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo its characteristic unpleasant odor.
Hexanoic Acid is also one of the components of vanilla.
The primary use of hexanoic acid is in manufacture of its esters for artificial flavors, and in the manufacture of hexyl derivatives, such as hexylphenols.
Salts and esters of hexanoic acid are known as hexanoates or caproates.
Two other acids are named after goats: caprylic (C8) and capric (C10).
Along with hexanoic acid, they account for 15% of the fat in goat's milk.
Caproic, caprylic, and capric acids (capric is a crystal- or wax-like substance, whereas the other two are mobile liquids) are not only used for the formation of esters, but also commonly used "neat" in: butter, milk, cream, strawberry, bread, beer, nut, and other flavors.
Hexanoic acid Chemical Properties
Melting point: -4 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 202-203 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.927 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 4 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.18 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.4161(lit.)
FEMA: 2559 | HEXANOIC ACID
Fp: 220 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility water: slightly soluble1.082g/100g(lit.)
pka: 4.85(at 25℃)
Form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.929 (20/4℃)
Color: Clear colorless to light yellow
PH: 3.95(1 mM solution);3.43(10 mM solution);2.93(100 mM solution);
Odor: at 10.00 % in propylene glycol. sour fatty sweat cheese
Odor Type: fatty
Odor Threshold: 0.0006ppm
Biological source: synthetic
Water Solubility: 1.1 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
Merck: 14,1759
JECFA Number: 93
BRN: 773837
Dielectric constant: 2.6（71℃）
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with bases, reducing agents and oxidizing agents. Flammable.
InChIKey: FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.92 at 25℃
Surface tension: 27.98mN/m at 293.15K
CAS DataBase Reference: 142-62-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Hexanoic acid(142-62-1)
EPA Substance Registry System: Hexanoic acid (142-62-1)
Hexanoic acid is a colourless liquid that has a sickening, sweaty, rancid, sour, sharp, pungent, cheesy, fatty, unpleasant odor reminiscent of copra oil.
Hexanoic Acid exhibits an acrid taste.
Hexanoic acid may be prepared by fractionation of the volatile fatty acids of coconut oil.
Physical properties
Hexanoic acid is oily, colorless or slightly yellow, and liquid at room temperature. Odor is that of Limburger cheese.
Soluble in alcohol and ether; slightly soluble in water.
Hexanoic Acid is derived from the crude fermentation of butyric acid; or by fractional distillation of natural fatty acids.
Uses
Hexanoic acid is used to prepare esters by reacting with alcohols, which finds application in artificial flavors.
Hexanoic Acid is also involved in the production of hexylphenols, hexanoates and caproates.
Further, Hexanoic Acid is used as non-viral gene carrier as well as to protect tomato plants from Botrytis cinerea.
Reactivity Profile
Hexanoic acid is a carboxylic acid.
Hexanoic Acids donate hydrogen ions if a base is present to accept them.
They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic.
Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat.
Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water plus a salt.
Hexanoic Acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water.
Soluble Hexanoic Acid dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions.
The pH of solutions of carboxylic acids is therefore less than 7.0.
Many insoluble Hexanoic Acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt.
Hexanoic Acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt.
Such reactions occur in principle for solid carboxylic acids as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry.
Even "insoluble" Hexanoic Acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in Hexanoic acid to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers.
Carboxylic acids, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
The reaction is slower for dry, solid carboxylic acids.
Insoluble Hexanoic Acids react with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat are generated by the reaction of Hexanoic Acids with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides.
Hexanoic Acids, especially in aqueous solution, also react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat.
Their reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still heat.
Like other organic compounds, Hexanoic Acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents.
These reactions generate heat.
A wide variety of products is possible.
Like other acids, Hexanoic Acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.
Hexanoic acid reacts with bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents.
