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MONOCALCIUM PHOSPHATE MONOHYDRATE

MONOCALCIUM PHOSPHATE MONOHYDRATE


Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is an additive to animal feed, which contains calcium and phosphorus from inorganic compounds, namely ortophosphorus acid and finely ground calcium carbonate. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used by combining it with the feed mixture and premix as instructed by the producer of the animal feed.


CAS Number: 10031-30-8
EINECS No.: 231-837-1

Formula: Ca(H2PO4)2▪H2O
Molecular weight: 252.07


10031-30-8, Calcium superphosphate, Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, 301524-28-7, CALCIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC, Calcium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate, Calcium dihydrogen phosphate hydrate, Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (2:1), monohydrate, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, calcium;dihydrogen phosphate;hydrate, Calcium dihydrogen phosphate xhydrate, 0N4E6L5449, MFCD00149602, UNII-0N4E6L5449, Calcium dihydrogenphosphate hydrate, DTXSID80872565, BMA52428, monohydratemonobasiccalcium phosphate, AKOS015914037, calcium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate, MONOBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE HYDRATE, Calcium tetrahydrogen diphosphate monohydrate, Monobasic calcium phosphate hydrate (JP17), Calcium bis(dihydrogen phosphate) monohydrate, FT-0623391, D06391, MONOBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOHYDRATE, MONOBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE HYDRATE [JAN], purum p.a., inverted exclamation markY85% (KT), J-000095, Q27236988, Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, purum p.a., >=85% (KT), Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade


Monocalcium phosphate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(H2PO4)2 ("AMCP" or "CMP-A" for anhydrous monocalcium phosphate). 
Monocalcium phosphate is commonly found as the monohydrate ("MCP" or "MCP-M"), Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O. 
Both salts are colourless solids. 
They are used mainly as superphosphate fertilizers and are also popular leavening agents.

In food industry, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used as leavening agent, dough regulator, buffer, modifier, solidification agent, nutritional supplement, chelating agent, e.g., leavening agent in bake and cake; assistant fermentation agent and buffer in bread and biscuit; pectin curing agent, yeast food, modifier in meat product. 
When applied in fermentation, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can increase the fermentation capacity.

The first acidic proton of H3PO4 corresponds to a strong acid. 
The associated calcium salts, monocalcium phosphates, exist as hydrated and anhydrous crystalline phases. 
The soluble monohydrated monocalcium phosphate (MCPM) can be prepared by partial neutralization of the phosphoric acid with calcium hydroxide, followed by evaporation of water at low temperature, in acidic conditions.
It crystallizes as elongated platelets.

The anhydrous phase can be obtained with the same method but at a higher phosphoric acid concentration. 
Some commercial products appear, in fact, as a mixture of the two monocalcium phosphates. 
Monocalcium phosphate anhydrous (MCPA) also forms by slow thermal dehydration of the hydrated phase above 100°C. 
This reaction is reversible and, in moist air MCPA, can be converted back into Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate. 
Monocalcium phosphates can incorporate many different mineral ions in their crystal lattice (NH4+, K+, Cl−, Br−).

The monocalcium phosphates are very soluble Ca-P salts and they do not form crystals in living organisms, but these salts are used in biomedical mineral cement compositions.


Monocalcium phosphate leavening acids are available in two forms: the monohydrate (MCP) and the anhydrous product (AMCP). 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is fast-acting, although slightly slower than cream of tartar. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is usually used in combination with slower-acting leavening agents. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate will release leavening gas from baking soda during mixing, which is desirable in achieving a fine, uniform grain in the baked product as long as a slower-acting leavener is present to provide leavening gas during baking. 
AMCP is coated with a slowly dissolving phosphate material that delays its reaction with baking soda. 
This delay is relatively short, but sufficient for some products that are baked in the home. 
These products include biscuits, pancakes, and waffles.


Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a leavening acid commonly found in baked goods. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate has a neutralizing value of 80 and is very fast acting. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate’s used in conjunction with baking soda to provide aeration and volume in cakes and cookies.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is an additive to animal feed, which contains calcium and phosphorus from inorganic compounds, namely ortophosphorus acid and finely ground calcium carbonate. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used by combining it with the feed mixture and premix as instructed by the producer of the animal feed.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is obtained  by the reaction of phosphoric acid and a calcium compound such as calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, or a more basic calcium phosphate. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate often exists in the form of monohydrate.

Raising agent for chemically leavened baked goods, baking powders, prepared cake mixes, self-rising flour, pancake mixes.

In food insustry, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used as leavening agent, dough regulator, buffer, modifier, solidification agent, nutritional supplement, chelate agent, flulty agent for bake, cake, ferment agent buffer, fruit acid solidification in bread and cracker yeast food, modifier in meat organization, improve ferment in brew.

Many people are familiar with the baking powder most of us keep in our kitchens.  
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is one of the common ingredients found in baking powder and as it plays a critical role in ensuring the baked goods we enjoy rise when baked.

In baked goods, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate reacts with baking soda to produces carbon dioxide which helps the dough rise.  
The release of carbon dioxide is why you can see air bubbles in many baked goods and is what helps make your favorite bakery treat light, fluffy and delicious.

One of the biggest challenges when making some baked goods is ensuring that the product rises at the right time, which may require releasing carbon dioxide in a very controlled manner. 
Too early and the muffin might be too dense. 
Too late and the muffin might crumble.   
Manufacturers add Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate to ensure the right amount of carbon dioxide is released at just the right moment for the best results.

The amount of leavening (or rise) needed to make the broad array of baked goods we enjoy varies. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is particularly useful because it can be used in small amounts in combination with other leavening agents to provide the leavening needed for many different types of dough and baked products.  
The next time you take a bite of birthday cake or enjoy a fluffy breakfast pastry, chances are that Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate was responsible for the light, airy texture of those treats.

Monocalcium Phosphate, Monohydrate (MCP) is a white free flowing granulate FCC Grade Monocalcium Phosphate, Monohydrate (MCP) which complies with the specifications of the current Food Chemicals Codex for Calcium Phosphate, Monobasic.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a rapidly reacting leavening acid used in bakery products such as double acting baking powder and mixes requiring a two-stage leavening action. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can be used as a calcium supplement in a wide variety of foods, and it is commonly used as a dough conditioner for breads.

In the food industry, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate serves as a raising agent for chemically leavened baked goods, baking powders, prepared cake mixes, self-rising flour, pancake mixes and more. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can also be used as an acidulant and buffer in dry beverage mixes.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used as leavening agent in baked goods. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a white fine powder and when combined with an alkali ingredient, like sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or potassium bicarbonate, it produces carbon dioxide gas that causes the rising effect. MCP is a fast acting leavening agent.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is more water-soluble than apatite. 
Soil is made of particles of various sizes. 
Silt, a constituent of soil, comprises particles of sizes between those of clay and sand. 
According to the international particle-size system, a silt particle size is about 2 to 50μm in diameter. 
It is further divided into fine silt (2 to 20μm) and coarse silt (20 to 50μm). 
The percentage of silt particles in a particular soil is taken into consideration while defining soil tex

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) is a water-soluble compound that can effectively remove heavy metal ions from copper smelting slag. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate forms insoluble metal phosphates such as Cd3(PO4)2, Cu2(PO4)2OH, Fe3(PO4)2, Mn3(PO4)2, Pb3(PO4)2, and Zn3(PO4)2. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can be synthesized from green mussel shells and has nano-size particles. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can also be obtained by water extraction of triple superphosphate and forms monetite (CaHPO4). 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can be prepared as a high-quality product with high purity and low energy consumption. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is suitable for use as a feedstuff component and has high water solubility and minimal impurities .

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is an inorganic compound with the formula: CaH4P2O8 that can be made by reacting calcium carbonate with phosphoric acid. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a popular phosphate fertilizer, and calcium-phosphate feed ingredient.
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can also be found in cooking leavening mixes such as baking powder and leavening acids.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a rich source of calcium and phosphorus.
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate comes in the form of free-flowing powder or small granules.
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can also act as a preservative.
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used in the production of food, animal feed and as a fertilizer.
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, like many other substances added to foods, is derived from minerals found in nature – minerals that are essential to our health and well-being. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate has been used in food production for decades. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is obtained through reacting the Phosphoric Acid and Calcium Carbonate. 
As a building component of bone, Phosphorus is involved in many important biochemical transformations. 

Calcium itself is commonly associated with an element that supports the structure and health of bones and teeth. 
However, it is important to know that our body also needs Phosphorus for the formation of DNA, the strengthening of cells, and the formation of bones and teeth. 
For this reason, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is the perfect combination.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a substance commonly used in the production of food, animal feed and as a fertilizer. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is formed by combining Calcium Oxide with Phosphoric Acid. 
The resulting substance dissolves easily in water.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate – properties
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate comes in the form of free-flowing powder or small granules of white or grayish color. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is easy to mix with other raw ingredients. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is responsible for the correct development of bones and tissues, the proper functioning of the metabolic and nervous systems, as well as enhanced productivity and immune strength. 
The shelf life of Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is 24 months. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate should be stored in a dry and cool place.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used as an additive to animal feed. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is highly digestible, especially by pigs and poultry because of its purity. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is also a common ingredient in feed premixes for calves and aquaculture.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is found in many products, including those used every day. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is present in many products intended for consumption. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate's presence in food must always be clearly marked on the list of ingredients. 
Probably the best known is Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate in baking powder. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is responsible for making baked goods rise as expected after baking. 
In the baked goods mentioned above, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate reacts with baking soda. 
This process produces Carbon Dioxide, which makes cakes and pastries light, soft and fluffy.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate in question is also used as an emulsifier in processed foods. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is sometimes added to processed meats and cheeses as a preservative.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is also found in dog food. 
Like humans, dogs need Calcium and Phosphorus to build their teeth and bones, grow and keep them strong. 
An excellent source of both elements is Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, which is added to pet food.

In addition to the applications already mentioned, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used to produce fertilizers that supply Phosphorus and Calcium to the soil. 
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plants and helps with root development, flower production and fruit ripening. 
Calcium is also important for plant growth and helps with cell division, nutrient uptake and disease resistance. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can provide plants with nutrients they would not receive through other means.

Monocalcium phosphate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(H2PO4)2 (“AMCP” or “CMP-A” for anhydrous monocalcium phosphate). 
Monocalcium phosphate is commonly found as the monohydrate (“MCP” or “MCP-M”), Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O.
They are used mainly as superphosphate fertilizers and are also popular leavening agents.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a raising agent commonly found in baking powder and used as an ingredient in various bakery items. 
Monocalcium Phosphate is available in two forms: monohydrate and anhydrous salts. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is comparatively fast-acting, and it is typically used in combination with slower-acting leavening agents. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate releases leavening gas from baking soda during mixing, which allows it to achieve a fine, uniform grain in the baked product as long as a slower-acting leavener is also present. 
The anhydrous form is coated with a slowly dissolving phosphate material that delays its reaction with baking soda. 
This form is typically used in home baking applications. 

Monocalcium phosphate has a chemical formula of CaH4P2O8.  
Both salts of monocalcium phosphate are colorless solids. 
When monocalcium phosphate is used as a component in a ready-made baking powder, the acid and alkali ingredients are included in the proportions such that they will exactly neutralize each other and not significantly affect the overall pH of the product. 
Monocalcium phosphate is soluble in hydrochloric acid and nitric acid and is slightly soluble in cold water. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is almost insoluble in ethanol.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is produced from natural mineral substances. 
In food industry applications, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is produced by partially neutralizing phosphoric acid with calcium hydroxide, followed by water evaporation at low temperatures in acidic conditions. 
Food-grade phosphoric acid is made from phosphate rocks, which are mined, refined, and purified.  

The primary use of Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate in the food industry is leavening in bakery products. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate helps various bakery goods to rise due to the release of carbon dioxide, resulting in light, fluffy products. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is also used in some powdered beverage products and convenience foods.
Leavening agents significantly affect the structure and texture of final bakery products due to the release of CO₂. 
When combined with other slow-acting leavening agents, monocalcium phosphate helps to achieve a fine, uniform grain in baked goods. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can leave a slightly bitter, astringent taste in final food products, so optimizing the dosage for various bakery goods is extremely important. 


Usually, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is produced by the reaction of calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate with phosphoric acid. 
Food grade phosphoric acid is made from phosphate rocks by two main methods, a wet process or an electrothermal process. 

In the wet process: phosphate rock is digested with a mineral acid, usually sulfuric acid, but nitric or hydrochloric acids may also be used. 
In the electrothermal process: the phosphate rock, coke and silica are heated in an electric resistance furnace to more than 1,100°C to extract elemental phosphorus from the ore. 
The elemental phosphorus is then oxidised to P4O10 (phosphorus pentoxide) and subsequently hydrated and the mist is collected. 

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate food grade is used as an acid component in baking powder; feed grade as a nutrition supplement of calcium and phosphorus in animal and poultry; and as a superphosphate fertilizer in agriculture.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a leavening acid commonly found in baked goods. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate's purpose is to react with baking soda to provide aeration and volume by releasing carbon dioxide in the presence of water. 
The application such as in bread, biscuits, cookies, pancakes, self-rising flour, single and double-acting baking powder.

Monocalcium phosphate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(H2PO4)2 ("AMCP" or "CMP-A" for anhydrous monocalcium phosphate). 
Monocalcium phosphate is commonly found as the monohydrate ("MCP" or "MCP-M"), Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O. 
Both salts are colourless solids. 
They are used mainly as superphosphate fertilizers and are also popular leavening agents.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is an inorganic product sold as a white powder. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a leavening agent with other names like Calcium Acid Phosphate.

The manufacture of Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate occurs most commonly by treating Calcium Hydroxide (or a range of other calcium compounds) with Phosphoric Acid. 
The result is a material of relatively high purity, as required by some applications that commonly use Mono Calcium Phosphate. 
From there, the product goes through sieving, milling and testing to ensure quality at both the physical and purity levels.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a leavening agent, as previously mentioned, and also an addition to fertilizers primarily. These main applications make it a powerful addition to countless manufacturers.

There are two application groups for Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, its application in fertilizers and as a leavening agent in food applications. 
These applications include most baking powders, self-raising flours and many more. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is usually combined with Sodium Bicarbonate to create carbon dioxide. 
The combination creates pockets of air and results in bread raising, cakes, pancakes and other products (sometimes used with SAPP).

The other application is within the production of fertilizer. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used within superphosphate fertilizers to provide calcium and phosphorous requirements in soil.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a chemical compound manufactured through chemical synthesis, available as White granular or powder. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is widely used as food supplements. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is widely accepted as safe food additive in many countries. 

In food industry, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used as leavening agent, dough regulator, buffer, modifier, solidification agent, nutritional supplement, chelating agent, e.g., leavening agent in bake and cake; assistant fermentation agent and buffer in bread and biscuit; pectin curing agent, yeast food, modifier in meat product. 
When applied in fermentation, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can increase the fermentation capacity.

Uses:
• Buffering agent、Nutritional supplement in food、leaven
• Firming agent、Aerated agent in baked goods、Stability agent
• Swelling agent 、Increase saccharification power、Tissue improver

Function
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a leavening acid with a neutralizing value of 80. It reacts with sodium bicarbonate and releases carbon dioxide in the presence of water. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is the preferred leavening acid because it doesn’t contain sodium and has no aftertaste.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a quick-reacting leavening acid.
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate releases 60–70% of its carbon dioxide within the first few minutes of mixing. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is sometimes combined with slow-acting leavening acids, such as sodium aluminum sulfate, sodium acid pyrophosphate and sodium aluminum phosphate, in double-acting baking powders.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used in products like pancakes, cookies and angel food cake mixes, where fast gas production and little bench time is desired. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is also used in biscuits and muffins when fast-acting leavening is needed due to short bake time.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is a double-acting leavening acid. 
After two-thirds of the carbon dioxide is released during mixing, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is transformed to dicalcium phosphate, which is latent at room temperature but releases carbon dioxide when heat is experienced in the oven. 
Some brands of baking powder have Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate as the sole leavening acid.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is also often combined with slow-acting acids such as sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium aluminum sulfate and sodium aluminum phosphate in double-acting baking powders.


Feed
Mono, di- and tricalcium phosphate are the three main types of inorganic feed phosphates. 
Mono and dicalcium phosphate (produced by calcined MCP at 270–350°C) are the most commonly used forms. 

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate feed grade benefits animal and poultry in both phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca):

Calcium: firms bone tissue and skeleton. 
Phosphorus: one of the most important minerals in animal nutrition. 
It plays an important role in the growth and cell differentiation (DNA), metabolism of energy and protein, controlling of appetite, the efficiency of feed utilization, fertility and etc. 

Fertilizer
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate supplies P and Ca nutrients to plants. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate has the highest P content of dry fertilizers without nitrogen (N) which is suitable to plant that does not need additional N supplement. 

Characteristics
PSA: 162
XLogP3: -1.04510
Appearance: white Powder
Density: 2.220^1^6
Melting Point: 100°C
Boiling Point: 203°C
Flash Point: 203°C
Water Solubility: moderately soluble H2O; soluble dilute HCl, HNO3, acetic acid
Vapor Pressure: 1.41mmHg at 25°C
Flammability characteristics: Thermal decomposition releases toxic phosphorus oxides and calcium oxide fumes


Applications
Use in fertilizers
Superphosphate fertilizers are produced by treatment of "phosphate rock" with acids ("acidulation"). 
Using phosphoric acid, fluorapatite is converted to Ca(H2PO4)2:

Ca5(PO4)3F + 7 H3PO4 → 5 Ca(H2PO4)2 + HF

This solid is called triple superphosphate. Several million tons are produced annually for use as fertilizers. 
Using sulfuric acid, fluorapatite is converted to a mixture of Ca(H2PO4)2 and CaSO4. 
This solid is called single superphosphate.

Residual HF typically reacts with silicate minerals co-mingled with the phosphate ores to produce hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6). 
The majority of the hexafluorosilicic acid is converted to aluminium fluoride and cryolite for the processing of aluminium.
These materials are central to the conversion of aluminium ore into aluminium metal.

When sulfuric acid is used, the product contains phosphogypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) and is called single superphosphate. 


Use as leavening agent
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used in the food industry as a leavening agent, i.e., to cause baked goods to rise. 
Because it is acidic, when combined with an alkali carbonate ingredient, commonly sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or potassium bicarbonate, it reacts to produce carbon dioxide and a salt. 
Outward pressure of the carbon dioxide gas causes the rising effect. 
When combined in a ready-made baking powder, the acid and alkali ingredients are included in the right proportions such that they will exactly neutralize each other and not significantly affect the overall pH of the product. 
AMCP and Monocalcium phosphate monohydrateMonocalcium phosphate monohydrate are fast acting, releasing most carbon dioxide within minutes of mixing. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is popularly used in pancake mixes. 
In double-acting baking powders, Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is often combined with the slow-acting acid sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP).


Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is fed in mixture with concentrated feedstuffs (concentrates), grain wastes, silage, bagasse, herbage, crushed pipfeeds, wet mush, as well as used for compound feedstuffs enrichment. 
Extra nutrition should be introduced to ration step by step during 5 - 10 days, starting from low doses.

The daily dosage is determined based on the availability of phosphorus and calcium in the ration of animals and poultry.

Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate should be used in conjunction with baking soda. 
The neutralizing value of leavening acids is the ratio of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) to 100 parts of acid leavener that will bring about complete carbon dioxide release or “neutralization.”

For an acid with a neutralizing value of 80, if complete neutralization is desired, you would start out with a ratio of 80:100 parts baking soda : leavening acid. 
Adjusting the amount of leavening acid to baking soda can raise pH (decrease the acid amount) or lower pH (increase the acid amount) of the finished product. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used in phosphate flour alone, and in self-rising flour with sodium bicarbonate.


Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) with chemical formula of Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O is a water-soluble and powerful agent for metal ion immobilization (removal) in soil and water. 
The use of Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate can, therefore, be considered as an innovative and effective way to remove the leachable heavy metals from copper smelting slag. 
This study aims to characterize copper smelting slag and perform the batch precipitation tests using MCPM, analyze the treated copper smelting slag (residue) by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and elucidate the mechanism of Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate on leachable heavy metal removal from slag.
The experimental results demonstrated that MCPM effectively removes Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn metal ions from copper smelting slag under different Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate concentrations and reaction times. 
In addition, the XRD analysis reveals the formation of insoluble metal phosphates such as Cd3(PO4)2, Cu2(PO4)2OH, Fe3(PO4)2, Mn3(PO4)2, Pb3(PO4)2 and Zn3(PO4)2 in the residue of copper smelting slag.


Preparation
Material of relatively high purity, as required for baking, is produced by treating calcium hydroxide with phosphoric acid:

Ca(OH)2 + 2 H3PO4 → Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2 H2O

Samples of Ca(H2PO4)2 tend to convert to dicalcium phosphate:

Ca(H2PO4)2 → Ca(HPO4) + H3PO4

In the bone meal method, yellow phosphorus is first melted into a liquid in a molten phosphorus tank and sent to a combustion hydration tower through a nozzle. 
At the same time, compressed air is used to atomize the phosphorus to oxidize and burn the phosphorus to produce phosphorus pentoxide. 
Circulate phosphoric acid at the temperature of 30-40℃ along the top of the tower to cool the phosphorous pentoxide gas, and at the same time react with water to synthesize phosphoric acid. 
The calcined and crushed bone powder is mixed with CaO:P2O5=1, and after it is matured, it is coarsely crushed, dried and crushed to obtain calcium dihydrogen phosphate. 
CaHPO4?2H2O+H3PO4→Ca(H2PO4)2?H2O+H2O 
If the cooked material is leached with water, the leaching solution is filtered, evaporated, cooled and crystallized, and dried to obtain a pure calcium dihydrogen phosphate product. 
The calcium hydroxide method reacts 2 mol of phosphoric acid with 1 mol of calcium hydroxide to produce calcium dihydrogen phosphate when controlling Ph3.2. 
Filter, evaporate, cool and crystallize, centrifuge, wash thoroughly with acetone, and air-dry to obtain the product of calcium dihydrogen phosphate. 
Its Ca(OH)2+2H3PO4→Ca(H2PO4)2?H2O+H2O


Uses

• Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used in refractory industry, sewage treatment, used as food leavening agent and calcium fortifier, wine flavoring agent, fermentation accelerator, etc.
• Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is widely used in aquaculture animals and livestock and poultry animal feed additives.
• Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used as analytical reagent and plastic fixative
• Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is used as a plastic stabilizer and an additive for the production of glass, used in the food industry as a baking powder starter, yeast feed, calcium nutritional supplement and coagulant
• As a quality improver, it has an effect of increasing the complexing metal ions, pH, increasing the ionic strength, etc. of a food, thereby improving the adhesion and water holding capacity of the food. 
• Calcium dihydrogen phosphate is used as a leavening agent, dough regulator, buffer, nutritional supplement, emulsifier, stabilizer and other quality improvers, which can improve the complexing metal ions, pH value and ionic strength of food, the adhesion and water holding capacity of food products can be improved. 
For flour, cakes, cakes, baked goods, fried foods, biscuits, milk powder, cold drinks, ice cream, etc. 
• nutritional supplement, leavening agent. 
Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate is equivalent to 1g of calcium 0.1855g. 
When used for special nutritious food, the usage amount is less than 1% of food (calculated as calcium, or less than 5.4% of this product). 
The acidic component, which is used as a synthetic leavening agent in the manufacture of baked foods such as bread, is hardly soluble in water and is suitable for use as a slow-acting leavening agent. 
2g per g of sodium bicarbonate was used.

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