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Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is primarily used as an emulsifier in food and a solubilizer and surfactant in cosmetics.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) helps water-based and oil-based ingredients blend easily and prevent their separation in food.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60), is a synthetic surfactant widely used as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and solubilizing agent.
CAS Number: 9005-65-6
Molecular Formula: C24H44O6
Molecular Weight: 428.600006103516
EINECS Number: 500-019-9
Synonyms: 9005-65-6, 2-[2-[3,4-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)oxolan-2-yl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl octadec-9-enoate, DTXSID10864155, HDTIFOGXOGLRCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N, MFCD00082107, 2-{2-[3,4-Bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)tetrahydro-2-furanyl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy}ethyl 9-octadecenoate.
Despite the approval of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60), there are concerns about the presence of ethylene oxide in this ingredient.
This is because the process of ethoxylation may lead to contamination with 1,4-dioxane, a potentially dangerous by-product.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is a known animal carcinogen that penetrates readily into the skin.
According to the National Toxicology Program, ‘1,4-dioxane is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.’
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) has also been linked with skin allergies.
However, the potential presence of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) can be controlled through purification steps to remove it before blending polysorbate 60 into cosmetic formulations.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is the abbreviation of “polyoxyethylene”.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) belongs to the class of polysorbates, which are often used in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is a synthetic ingredient that is used in cosmetics and skincare to improve the texture and sensory feel of formulations.
It is used in products as a surfactant, emulsifier, and solubilizer.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is produced by the ethoxylation of sorbitan.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is the dehydrated form of sorbitol, a sugar alcohol that can naturally be found in some fruits.
Ethoxylation is a chemical reaction in which ethylene oxide is added to a substrate, in this case, sorbitan.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is reacted with 60 units of ethylene oxide, hence the 60 in the ingredient name.
The final step is the reaction with fatty acids obtained from vegetable fats and oils, such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, or oleic acid.
In addition to its function in cosmetics, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) can be used to prepare a wide variety of products in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used to improve the texture and feel of products.
There is some controversy over ingredients that are produced via ethoxylation as there is a risk of contamination.
However, this process is highly regulated and the products are purified and tested for contaminants.
All skin types except those that have an identified allergy to it.
Works well with most ingredients.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant generally used as an emulsifier, dispersing agent and solubilizer.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) has been used in a study to assess its potential as a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) plasticizer in imparting plasticity to carnauba wax.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60), the full name polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate, is an ingredient made from sorbitol, stearic acid (C18) and ethylene oxide.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is primarily used as an emulsifier in food (the European food additive number E435) and a solubilizer & surfactant in cosmetics.
Like other polysorbates, the number 60 after polysorbate means the type of fatty acid, here is monostearate; the number 20 following polyoxyethylene indicates the total number of oxyethylene groups in the molecule structure.
According to the FDA, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is manufactured by reacting stearic acid with sorbitol to obtain sorbitan monostearate first and then condensed with ethylene oxide.
As the commercial food grade stearic acid usually contains palmitic acid, so Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is a mixture of ethoxylated ethers of stearic and palmitic acid esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides and other related compounds.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is a synthetic multi-ingredient that can be used as a surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer in food, cosmetics and personal care products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) helps water-based and oil-based ingredients blend easily and prevent their separation in food.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) and 80 are mostly used in food among the category of polysorbates, but the latter is used more than 60 in food.
As a high HLB emulsifier, its food grade can be blended with a low HLB emulsifier (e.g. sorbitan stearate, mono and diglycerides) to provide a suitable HLB value for the various food uses, either oil in water, or water in oil emulsion.
Its general purpose in cosmetics is to mix water and oil together.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) functions as a surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer and dispersing agent.
Emulsifying agent consisting of sorbitol, ethylene oxide & stearic acid Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60), stearic acid is derived from vegetable oil, purity > 95%. HLB value: 14.9 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).
As a surfactant, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) works by lowering the surface tension between two substances, such as two liquids or a liquid and a solid.
A surfactant molecule contains one end that is hydrophilic or attracted to water and one end that is lipophilic or attracted to oil.
This allows surfactants to attract and suspends oils, dirt, and other impurities that have accumulated on the skin and wash them away.
Due to these properties, polysorbate 60 can be found in many different cleansers, shampoos, and body washes.
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) to be directly added to food as a flavoring agent or as a multipurpose additive.
The safety of polysorbate 60 has been assessed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel, a group responsible for evaluating the safety of skincare and cosmetic ingredients.
The Expert Panel evaluated the scientific data and concluded that Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) was safe as used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60)s are derived from ethoxylated sorbitan (a derivative of sorbitol) esterified with fatty acids and exist as oily liquids.
These Polysorbates belong to the class of emulsifiers used in pharmaceuticals and food preparations (salad dressing, ice cream, chocolates, baked goods and confectionery).
They are used in cosmetics to solubilize essential oils into water-based products, pharmaceuticals, detergents, paints, and plastic applications.
These Polysorbates surfactants consist primarily of oleic, stearic or lauric fatty acid esters with sorbitol-derived cyclic ethers (sorbitans and sorbides) and further polymerized with approximately 60 molecules of oxirane per molecule of Polysorbates.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is an amber/golden-colored water-soluble viscous liquid.
It is manufactured from polyethoxylated sorbitan (derived from the dehydration of sorbitol, a sugar alcohol) and oleic acid, a fatty acid found in animal and vegetable fats.
Due to this structure, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) forms an approximate hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of 15.
The final products are free from genetically modified organisms and of vegetable origin.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier find use in foods as emulsifier for salad dressings and chocolates, in cosmetics for preparing skin, facial cleansers and hair care products, and to disperse active ingredients in pharmaceuticals benefiting the pharmacological industry.
Melting point: -25 °C
Boiling point: >100°C
Density: 1.08 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: <1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.473
FEMA: 2917 | POLYSORBATE 80
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility: DMSO (Soluble), Methanol (Slightly)
form: viscous liquid
color: Amber
Specific Gravity: 1.080 (25/4℃)
PH Range: 6
Odor: mild alcoholic
PH: 5-7 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor Type: alcoholic
Water Solubility: 5-10 g/100 mL at 23 ºC
Merck: 14,7582
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 10
LogP: 4.392 (est)
Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): POLYSORBATE 80
EWG's Food Scores: 3-8
Despite the approval of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60), there are concerns about the presence of ethylene oxide in this ingredient.
This is because the process of ethoxylation may lead to contamination with Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60), a potentially dangerous by-product.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is a known animal carcinogen that penetrates readily into the skin. According to the National Toxicology Program, ‘1,4-dioxane is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.’
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) has also been linked with skin allergies.
However, the potential presence ofPolyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) can be controlled through purification steps to remove it before blending polysorbate 60 into cosmetic formulations.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is derived from sorbitol (a sugar alcohol), ethylene oxide, and stearic acid.
Its chemical structure consists of a sorbitan base esterified with stearic acid and ethoxylated with polyoxyethylene chains.
This configuration gives it both hydrophilic and lipophilic characteristics, allowing it to act effectively as an emulsifier, especially in oil-in-water emulsions.
Commonly added to products like bakery goods, sauces, and whipped toppings to improve texture, extend shelf life, and prevent separation.
Serves as an emulsifier and stabilizer in various drug formulations, creams, and ointments.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in lotions, creams, and hair care products to stabilize emulsions and ensure even distribution of ingredients.
Can be found in certain industrial products requiring stable emulsions, such as in coatings and cleaners.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies when used within the recommended limits.
However, excessive consumption or application may lead to mild skin or gastrointestinal irritation in sensitive individuals.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) usually a yellow to amber, viscous liquid or waxy solid.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) effective in stabilizing oil and water mixtures.
Uses:
Helps blend oil and water in products like sauces, dressings, baked goods, whipped toppings, and desserts, preventing separation.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in baked goods to improve dough strength, volume, and texture.
Helps maintain consistency and extend the shelf life of products by preventing crystallization and separation in items like ice cream and sauces.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) commonly added to creams, ointments, and lotions to keep active ingredients evenly distributed.
Helps improve the solubility of hydrophobic drugs, making them easier to absorb.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) enhances the stability of drug formulations, particularly in emulsions and suspensions.
Acts as an emulsifier, keeping water and oils blended in moisturizers, face creams, and lotions.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in shampoos, conditioners, and hair serums to maintain consistency and improve spreadability.
Improves the smooth application of products like sunscreens, serums, and makeup bases.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used as an emulsifying agent to ensure uniform dispersion of pigments and other components.
Helps stabilize emulsions in cleaning products and polishes to prevent ingredient separation.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in textile processing as an antistatic agent and softener.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used as a solubilizing agent to disperse oils and other nonpolar compounds in aqueous solutions.
Assists in stabilizing proteins and enzymes during purification processes.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) stabilizes air bubbles in whipped toppings and prevents them from collapsing, which helps maintain texture and lightness.
Reduces ice crystal formation in frozen desserts, improving smoothness and mouthfeel.
In candies and chocolates, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) helps maintain gloss and prevents fat bloom (the white coating sometimes seen on chocolate).
Enhances crumb softness, delays staling, and improves dough elasticity, which contributes to a better rise and more desirable texture in baked goods.
Sometimes used in intravenous medications to help dissolve active ingredients that are not water-soluble.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) acts as a stabilizing agent in some vaccine formulations, keeping the ingredients stable and uniformly dispersed.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in some ophthalmic solutions to dissolve or stabilize active ingredients, improving their comfort and efficacy.
In syrups and liquid medications, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) prevents active and inactive ingredients from separating, ensuring a uniform dose with each use.
In high-end skin treatments, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) helps deliver active ingredients evenly across the skin’s surface, enhancing absorption.
Assists in mixing UV-blocking agents (both mineral and chemical) with moisturizing agents, ensuring even application and better sun protection.
Keeps pigments and oils mixed for smooth, long-lasting coverage without caking or separating.
Improves the texture and lather of liquid soaps and body washes, creating a smoother feel on the skin.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in formulations to keep oil-based and water-based components together, ensuring consistent distribution when sprayed.
Enhances the dispersion of pigments and reduces the settling of particles, ensuring uniform color and consistency.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) can be added to certain lubricants as a surfactant to improve their spreading properties on metal and other surfaces.
In adhesive manufacturing, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) can be used as a dispersant to create even, stable adhesives with consistent performance.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is often added to formulations to prevent denaturation or aggregation of proteins and enzymes during storage.
Helps stabilize certain reagents in DNA/RNA extraction kits, enhancing the yield and purity of nucleic acids.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in ELISA and other immunoassays to reduce background noise by blocking non-specific binding sites.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in the coating of medical devices to ensure uniform application of other surface treatments, which can improve compatibility with the human body.
Some medical devices use Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) in their formulations to reduce irritations and improve biocompatibility with human tissue.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used to emulsify and stabilize animal medications and nutritional supplements, ensuring the efficacy and palatability of products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) can be added to creams and lotions applied to animals to treat skin conditions, improving spreadability and absorption.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used in the production of certain plastics to reduce static electricity, which is important for products that will come into contact with electronics or flammable materials.
In some industrial processes, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is used to control foaming, especially in detergents and chemical manufacturing.
Safety Profile:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) may cause mild to moderate skin irritation, particularly in sensitive individuals or those with allergies.
Symptoms include redness, itching, and rashes.
Direct contact with eyes may cause irritation, redness, or discomfort.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) eye contact should be avoided, and rinsing is recommended if exposure occurs.
Consuming large amounts can lead to nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Excessive ingestion may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, particularly in sensitive individuals.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) has low acute toxicity, but large quantities can overwhelm the digestive system, especially in people with digestive disorders.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Polysorbate 60) is typically in a liquid or semi-solid form, so the risk of inhalation is low.
However, inhaling aerosols, such as in manufacturing environments, may cause respiratory irritation or discomfort.
Those with respiratory issues (e.g., asthma) may be more susceptible to inhalation effects if aerosolized forms are inhaled.
