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Sodium Bicarbonate, which is the compound commonly called baking soda, exists as a white, odorless, crystalline solid.
Sodium Bicarbonate occurs naturally as the mineral nahcolite, which derives its name from its chemical formula by replacing the “3” in NaHCO3 with the ending “lite.”
The world’s main source of nahcolite is the Piceance Creek Basin in western Colorado, which is part of the larger Green River formation.
CAS: 144-55-8
MF: CHNaO3
MW: 84.01
EINECS: 205-633-8
Synonyms
Sodium bicarbonate, GR,≥99.8%;Sodium bicarbonate, AR,≥99.8%;Sodium bicarbonate standard solution;Natrium Bicarbonate;SODIUM BICARBONATE PWD;Sodium bicarbonate test solution(ChP);Sodium bicarbonate Manufacturer;TSQN
Sodium Bicarbonate is extracted using solution mining by pumping hot water through injection wells to dissolve the nahcolite from the Eocene beds where it occurs 1,500 to 2,000 feet below the surface.
The dissolved Sodium Bicarbonate is pumped to the surface where it is treated to recover NaHCO3 from solution.
Sodium Bicarbonate can also be produced from the trona deposits, which is a source of sodium carbonates (see Sodium Carbonate).
Sodium Bicarbonate Chemical Properties
Melting point: >300 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 851°C
density: 2.16 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
refractive index: 1.500
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: solution (7.5%)
color: White
Specific Gravity: 2.159
PH Range: 7.8 - 8.2
PH: 8.27(1 mM solution);8.22(10 mM solution);8.02(100 mM solution);
pka: (1) 6.37, (2) 10.25 (carbonic (at 25℃)
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: 9 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
Decomposition: 50 °C
Merck: 14,8583
BRN: 4153970
BCS Class: 1
Stability: Stable.
LogP: -4.010 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference: 144-55-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium bicarbonate (144-55-8)
Sodium Bicarbonate, NaHC03, also known as sodium acid carbonate and baking soda, is a white water-soluble crystalline solid.
Sodium Bicarbonate has an alkaline taste, loses carbon dioxide at 270°C (518 °F) and is used in food preparation.
Sodium Bicarbonate also finds use as a medicine,a butter preservative, in ceramics,and to prevent timber mold.
Sodium Bicarbonate occurs as an odorless, white, crystalline powder with a saline, slightly alkaline taste.
The crystal structure is monoclinic prisms.
Grades with different particle sizes, from a fine powder to free-flowing uniform granules, are commercially available.
White crystalline powder or granules; monoclinic crystals; density 2.20 g/cm3; decomposes around 50°C, begins to lose carbon dioxide; converts to sodium carbonate at 100°C; soluble in water, 10g/100 mL at 20°C; slowly decomposes to CO2 and Na2CO3 in aqueous solution at ambient temperature; decomposes to Na2CO3 in boiling water; aqueous solution slightly alkaline; pH of 0.1M solution at 25°C is about 8.3; insoluble in alcohol; decomposes in acids.
Uses
Sodium Bicarbonate, used in the formof baking soda and baking powder, is the most common leavening agent.
When baking soda,which is an alkaline substance, is added to a mix, Sodium Bicarbonate reacts with an acid ingredient to producecarbon dioxide.
The reaction can be represented as: NaHCO3(s) + H+ → Na+(aq) + H2O(l) +CO2(g), where H+ is supplied by the acid.
Baking powders contain baking soda as a primaryingredient along with acid and other ingredients.
Depending on the formulation, bakingpowders can produce carbon dioxide quickly as a single action powder or in stages, as with adouble-action powder.
Baking soda is also used as a source of carbon dioxide for carbonatedbeverages and as a buffer.
In addition to baking, baking soda has numerous household uses.
Sodium Bicarbonate is used as a generalcleanser, a deodorizer, an antacid, a fire suppressant, and in personal products such as toothpaste.
Sodium Bicarbonate is a weak base in aqueous solution, with a pH of about 8.
The bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) has amphoteric properties, which means it can act as either an acidor a base.
This gives baking soda a buff ering capacity and the ability to neutralize both acidsand bases.
Food odors resulting from acidic or basic compounds can be neutralized with bakingsoda into odor-free salts.
Because sodium bicarbonate is a weak base, it has a greater abilityto neutralize acid odors.
The second largest use of sodium bicarbonate, accounting for approximately 25% of totalproduction, is as an agricultural feed supplement.
In cattle Sodium Bicarbonate helps maintain rumen pH andaids fiber digestibility; for poultry it helps maintain electrolyte balance by providing sodiumin the diet, helps fowl tolerate heat, and improves eggshell quality.
Sodium Bicarbonate is used in the chemical industry as a buff ering agent, a blowingagent, a catalyst, and a chemical feedstock.
Sodium bicarbonate is used in the leather tanningindustry for pretreating and cleaning hides and to control pH during the tanning process.
Heating sodium bicarbonate produces sodium carbonate, which is used for soap and glassmaking.
Sodium bicarbonate is incorporated into pharmaceuticals to serve as an antacid, abuff ering agent, and in formulations as a source of carbon dioxide in eff ervescent tablets.
Drychemical type BC fire extinguishers contain sodium bicarbonate (or potassium bicarbonate).
Other uses of bicarbonate include pulp and paper processing, water treatment, and oil welldrilling.
Sodium Bicarbonate is a leavening agent with a ph of approxi- mately 8.5 in a 1% solution at 25°c.
Sodium Bicarbonate functions with food grade phosphates (acidic leavening compounds) to release carbon dioxide which expands during the baking process to provide the baked good with increased volume and tender eating qualities.
Sodium Bicarbonate is also used in dry-mix beverages to obtain carbonation, which results when water is added to the mix containing the sodium bicarbonate and an acid.
Sodium Bicarbonate is a component of baking powder.
Sodium Bicarbonate is also termed baking soda, bicarbonate of soda, sodium acid carbonate, and sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Manufacture of many sodium salts; source of CO2; ingredient of baking powder, effervescent salts and beverages; in fire extinguishers, cleaning Compounds.
Sodium Bicarbonate is an inorganic salt used as a buffering agent and a pH adjuster, it also serves as a neutralizer.
Sodium Bicarbonate is used in skin-smoothing powders.
