PRODUCTS

SODIUM CITRATE

Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid.
Sodium citrate is white, crystalline powder or white, granular crystals, slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water, practically insoluble in alcohol.
Like citric acid, Sodium citrate has a sour taste.
From the medical point of view, Sodium citrate is used as alkalinizing agent.
Sodium citrate works by neutralizing excess acid in the blood and urine.
Sodium citrate has been indicated for the treatment of metabolic acidosis.

CAS: 68-04-2

IUPAC Name: trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate

Experimental Properties

Physical Description: White solid
Melting Point: >300 °C
Solubility: 29.4g/L

Sodium citrate acts as a buffering agent in cosmetics products to control their pH level.
Sodium citrate can also be used as a preservative.
Sodium citrate is used in various cosmetic products, including baby products, make-up, bath products, hair dyes and colors and skin care products.

Sodium Citrate (E331) is the sodium salt of citric acid.
Like citric acid, Sodium citrate has a sour taste.
Like other salts, it also has a salty taste.
Sodium citrate is commonly known as sour salt and is mainly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Sodium citrate gives club soda both its sour and salty flavors.
Sodium citrate reduces the acidity of foods, so it allows spherification with strongly acidic ingredients.
Sodium citrate is also used as an antioxidant in food as well as a sequestrant.
Sodium citrate dissolves easily and acts instantaneously.

Sodium citrate is an ingredient used for the anticoagulation of whole blood as part of automated apheresis procedures.

Sodium citrate is used as an anticoagulant during plasmophoresis as well as a neutralizing agent in the treatment of upset stomach and acidic urine.

Sodium citrate may refer to any of the sodium salts of citric acid (though most commonly the third):

- Monosodium citrate
- Disodium citrate
- Trisodium citrate

The three forms of salt are collectively known by the E number E331.

Applications:

Food
Sodium citrates are used as acidity regulators in food and drinks, and also as emulsifiers for oils.
They enable cheeses to melt without becoming greasy.
Sodium citrate reduces the acidity of food as well.

Blood clotting inhibitor
Sodium citrate is used to prevent donated blood from clotting in storage.
Sodium citrate is also used in a laboratory, before an operation, to determine whether a person's blood is too thick and might cause a blood clot, or if the blood is too thin to safely operate.
Sodium citrate is used in medical contexts as an alkalinizing agent in place of sodium bicarbonate, to neutralize excess acid in the blood and urine.

Metabolic acidosis
Sodium citrate has applications for the treatment of metabolic acidosis and chronic kidney disease.

Ferrous nanoparticles
Along with oleic acid sodium citrate may be used in the synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle coatings.

Sodium Citrate is a urine alkalinizing agent.
After absorption Sodium citrate is metabolized to produce bicarbonate.
Sodium citrate can be used to treat metabolic acidosis, where the generated bicarbonate buffers excess hydrogen ions in the blood, raising its pH.
Sodium citrate can also be used to alkalinize urine by promoting urinary excretion of free bicarbonate and therefore hydrogen ions.
Sodium citrate can be used to prevent development of renal stones that develop in acidic urine, and in solution is administered as a bladder irritant during urological surgery.
Sodium citrate is administered rectally as an osmotic laxative.

Sodium citrate is widely and particularly used in phosphate-free liquid detergents and cleansers.
As citric acid is a natural constituent and a ubiquitous metabolite of living organisms it is not surprising that its environmental behavior is very favorable.

Sodium citrate is the anticoagulant used during blood collection.
The final citrate concentration in blood components is highest in plasma products.
Normally the liver rapidly metabolizes transfused citrate; however, during massive transfusion, the capacity of the liver for citrate clearance may be exceeded.
The citrate forms a complex with calcium, resulting in decreased ionized calcium and a hypocalcemic state.
Although transient hypocalcemia is usually well tolerated, nerve cell membranes can be affected, causing perioral or acral paresthesia.
Clinical manifestations may include lightheadness, shivers, twitching, and tremors.
Severe hypocalcemia can cause continuous muscle contractions and, if not corrected, can progress to tetany with spasms in multiple muscle groups.
It is important to recognize early symptoms of hypocalcemia so treatment can be initiated.
Oral administration of calcium in antacid tablets and/or milk is commonly used for mild citrate toxicity.
If symptoms progress, the infusion may have to be stopped or the flow rate decreased, or parenteral Ca2+ supplementation given.

Sodium Citrate is a common sequestrant that acts as a stabilizer and improves the quality of food.
(Sequestrants are a type of preservative containing additives that can prevent the oxidation of fats in food.)
For the perfect cheese sauce, even with the cheeses that typically don't melt well.
Just whisk a little Sodium Citrate into a liquid then blend it into the cheese overheat.
The Sodium Citrate allows the proteins to become more soluble which creates a smooth emulsion without curdling.

Sodium Citrate at a Glance

- Sodium citrate is a salt of citric acid, which can be derived from citrus
- Sodium citrate is primarily used to control the pH level of a product
- Sodium citrate has antioxidant and preservative properties
- Sodium citrate is also used in food and medical applications

Sodium citrate in skin care is used primarily to control the pH level of a product (such as in cleansers and exfoliants).
Sodium citrate is a salt of citric acid, which, as the name implies, can be derived from citrus fruits.
Because of its connection to citric acid, Sodium citrate also has antioxidant and mild, but limited, preservative properties.

Sodium citrate has several other useful applications, including its use as a chelating agent, which keeps metals in water from binding to other ingredients and impacting their efficacy.

Sodium citrate is supplied in crystal or powder form, and used at concentrations.

Sodium citrate’s also a food additive used to keep food fresher longer and prevent melted cheese from becoming greasy.
In the medical field Sodium citrate is used to keep donated blood from clotting in storage.

Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid.
Sodium citrate has a sour taste similar to citric acid, and is salty as well.
Sodium citrate is often used as a food preservative, and as a flavoring in the food industry.
In the pharmaceutical industry Sodium citrate is used to control pH.
Sodium citrate may be used as an alkalizing agent, buffering agent, emulsifier, or sequestering agent.

Sodium citrate dihydrate is the most widely used emulsifying salt in sliced processed cheese products.
Sodium citrate is commonly used as a buffering agent in combination with citric acid to provide precise pH control required in many food and beverage applications.

Trisodium citrate is often referred to as sodium citrate, though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid.
Sodium citrate has a saline, mildly tart flavor.
Sodium citrate is mildly basic and can be used along with citric acid to make biologically compatible buffers.

Sodium citrate is primarily used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
In certain varieties of club soda, sodium citrate is employed as a flavoring agent.
Sodium citrate is a common ingredient in Bratwurst, and is also used to contribute a tart flavor in commercial, ready-to- drink beverages and drink mixes. It is found in gelatin mix, ice-cream, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine.

Sodium Citrate is also used as an emulsifier for oils in the cheesemaking process.
Sodium citrate allows cheese to melt without becoming greasy.
Historically, sodium phosphate was used to keep water and fat droplets mixed when cheese is melted.

The main functions of citric acid and the citrates in foods and beverages can be summarized as follows:

- as a flavor adjunct, to improve taste
- as a pH control agent, e.g., for gelation control, buffering and preservative enhancement
- as a chelating agent to improve the action of antioxidants and prevent spoilage of foods such as seafood

The major components of cleaning products are surfactants and builders.
Other ingredients are added to provide a variety of functions, e.g., increasing cleaning performance for specific soils/surfaces, ensuring product stability, and supplying a unique identity to a product.

Complex phosphates and sodium citrate are common sequestering builders.
Builders enhance or maintain the cleaning efficiency of the surfactant.
The primary function of builders is to reduce water hardness.
This is done either by sequestration or chelation (holding hardness minerals in solution); by precipitation (forming an insoluble substance); or by ion exchange (trading electrically charged particles).
Builders can also supply and maintain alkalinity, which assists cleaning, especially of acid soils; help keep removed soil from redepositing during washing, and emulsify oily and greasy soils.

Citric acid is employed as an industrial cleaner to clear steam blocks and hot water systems of calcium and rust layers.
As a chemical polish, citric acid is used to treat aluminum, copper and other metal surfaces.
Citric acid and citrates are used as buffering and complexing agents in electro-plating baths.
The building and textile industries also take advantage of citric acid’s outstanding chelating ability as well as its non-toxicity.
Examples include set retarding of gypsum plasters and textile finishing.
Further industrial applications of citric acid and citrates range from desulphurisation of flue gas and oil recovery to the decontamination of radioactive nuclear reactor materials.

What is SODIUM CITRATE used for?

Sodium citrate serves as a preservative to ensure safe and durable products by inhibiting microbial growth.
Sodium citrate also assists in the regulation of pH of cosmetic formulations.
Skin care: The pH of a product is established and maintained by sodium citrate.
While the skin's normal pH is slightly acidic, typically between 4.75 and 5.5, which effectively protects the skin from environmental factors such as allergens, pollutants, and bacteria, sodium citrate can buffer solutions in the pH range of about 3 to 6.2.

The skin's acidity can change as a result of everything that comes into contact with it, including cosmetics, the sun, water, pollution, etc.
This ultimately hinders the skin's capacity to defend itself.
In order to maintain the skin's normal pH as closely as possible, it is crucial to balance the pH of cosmetics and skincare products.
A highly acidic product may irritate the skin, and a highly alkaline one may decrease its lipid contents.
By using an ingredient like sodium citrate, cosmetic manufacturers can adjust the pH of their formulations, resulting in a product that is better suited to the skin.

Origin
Citrus fruits can be used to extract citric acid, but more than 99% of the citric acid consumed worldwide is produced through microbial fermentation.
Citric acid is produced on an industrial scale by mycologically fermenting crude sugar stocks like molasses using Aspergillus niger strains.
The citrate salts are created using the same fermentation method; they are simply crystallized when the proper alkaline solutions are present.
For instance, crystallizing citric acid with sodium hydroxide results in the production of sodium citrate.

What does SODIUM CITRATE do in a formulation?
- Buffering
- Chelating
- Preservative

Sodium Citrate is also called Trisodium Citrate or Citrosodine or Natrocitral.
Sodium citrate is widely used as a food preservative, for alkalization of urine to prevent kidney stones, as an anticoagulant for stored blood, and buffer.

On absorption, Sodium citrate dissociates into citrate anions and sodium cations.
Organic citrate ions are metabolized to bicarbonate ions and result in the buffering of excess hydrogen ions, potentially the reversal of acidosis, an increase in the plasma bicarbonate concentration, and the raising of blood pH.
Sodium citrate is trisodium salt of citric acid and dissolves in water.
Sodium citrate has a pH value between 7.5 and 9.0.

Na3C6H5O7 Uses (Sodium Citrate)
- Sodium Citrate helps in enabling the melting of cheeses by not becoming greasy.
- Sodium Citrate is used in drinks and food as an acidity regulator.
- Sodium Citrate is used as an emulsifier for oils.
- Sodium Citrate is used as a pharmaceutical aid.
- Sodium Citrate is used as an anticoagulant for the blood.
- Sodium Citrate is used to prevent curdling of milk.
- Sodium Citrate is used as a food additive.
- Sodium Citrate is used to avoid clotting of fresh beef blood.
- Sodium Citrate is used in electroplating.

SYNONYMS:

Sodium citrate
68-04-2
TRISODIUM CITRATE
Sodium citrate anhydrous
Citrosodine
Natrocitral
sodium citrate, anhydrous
Citric acid, trisodium salt
Trisodium citrate, anhydrous
Citric acid trisodium salt
anhydrous sodium citrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt
Sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Trisodium citrate anhydrous
FEMA No. 3026
CCRIS 3293
Sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7)
Sodium citrate,anhydrous
HSDB 5201
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
trisodium-citrate
Anhydrous trisodium citrate
UNII-RS7A450LGA
EINECS 200-675-3
Bicitra
Pneucid
Trisodium 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate
CHEBI:53258
994-36-5
RS7A450LGA
INS NO.331(III)
INS-331(III)
EC 200-675-3
E-331(III)
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
MFCD00012462
FEMA NO. 3026, ANHYDROUS-
Citrosodina
Citnatin
Citreme
Citrosodna
EINECS 213-618-2
Sodium citrate hydrous
Natrii citras, dehydrate
E 331
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate
UNII-68538UP9SE
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
EINECS 242-734-6
C6H5Na3O7
EC 242-734-6
Oracit
Natrii citras
tri-sodium citrate
sodium citrate salt
Albright's Solution
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:3)
sodium (iii) citrate
Sodium citrate (USP)
Modified Shohl's Solution
Anticoagulant Sodium Citrate
1Q73Q2JULR
CHEMBL1355
SODIUM CITRATE (II)
SODIUM CITRATE [MI]
Citrate Concentrated Solution
DTXSID2026363
SODIUM CITRATE (USP-RS)
SODIUM CITRATE [WHO-IP]
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt
Citric acid sodium salt anhydrous
Citric acid trisodium salt, 99%
HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SODIUM CITRATE, UNSPECIFIED
NATRII CITRAS [WHO-IP LATIN]
SODIUM CITRATE (USP IMPURITY)
AKOS015915009
DB09154
SODIUM CITRATE ANHYDROUS [HSDB]
ANHYDROUS TRISODIUM CITRATE [II]
SODIUM CITRATE, UNSPECIFIED FORM
SODIUM CITRATE,ANHYDROUS [VANDF]
8055-55-8
AC-15008
E331
Sodium citrate dihydrate USP Fine Granular
SODIUM CITRATE, ANHYDROUS [WHO-IP]
FT-0623960
EN300-74572
D05855
D77308
ANHYDROUS TRISODIUM CITRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Q409728
J-520101
Citric acid trisodium salt, anhydrous, >=98% (GC)
Citric acid trisodium salt, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanenetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate