SODIUM CITRATE

Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid, commonly used as a buffering agent, emulsifier, chelating agent, and pH regulator in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial formulations.
This compound offers excellent solubility, safety, and stability, making it ideal for pH control, metal ion binding, and product stabilization across various industries.
Sodium citrate is widely appreciated for its mild taste, non-toxic nature, and compatibility with both aqueous and semi-solid systems.

CAS Number: 68-04-2
EC Number: 200-675-3
Molecular Formula: C₆H₅Na₃O₇
Molecular Weight: 258.07 g/mol

Synonyms: Sodium citrate, Trisodium citrate, Sodium salt of citric acid, Citric acid trisodium salt, Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate, E331, E331(iii), Sodium citrate dihydrate, Sodium citrate anhydrous, Trisodium citrate dihydrate, Trisodium citrate anhydrous, Food-grade sodium citrate, Sodium citrate buffer agent, Sodium citrate USP, Sodium citrate BP, Sodium citrate pharmaceutical grade, Sodium citrate food additive, Sodium citrate emulsifier, Sodium citrate sequestrant, Sodium citrate pH regulator, Sodium citrate stabilizer, Sodium citrate antioxidant synergist, Citrate salt, Citrate buffering agent, Sodium citrate preservative aid, Sodium citrate anticoagulant, Trisodium citrate solution, Sodium citrate technical grade, Sodium citrate for cosmetics, Sodium citrate chelating agent, Trisodium citrate 68-04-2

APPLICATIONS

Sodium citrate is widely used in beverages and processed foods as a flavor enhancer, acidity regulator, and preservative synergist.
Sodium citrate is included in pharmaceutical formulations as an alkalinizing agent and anticoagulant in blood storage.
Sodium citrate is employed in oral care products such as mouthwashes and toothpastes for tartar control and pH buffering.

Sodium citrate is used in skincare and cosmetics to maintain formulation stability and adjust pH.
Sodium citrate is found in liquid soaps and shampoos for its chelating and stabilizing effects.
Sodium citrate is incorporated in detergents and cleaners to soften water and enhance surfactant performance.

Sodium citrate is used in dairy and cheese products as a melting salt and emulsifier.
Sodium citrate is added to gelatin and dessert preparations for texture control.
Sodium citrate is suitable for use in laboratory buffers, cell culture media, and biochemical applications.

Sodium citrate is utilized in meat processing and canned products to preserve color and improve shelf life.
Sodium citrate is used in beverage syrups and carbonated drinks for balanced taste and acidity.

Sodium citrate is compatible with calcium, magnesium, and iron ions in fortified food systems.
Sodium citrate is widely used in the food and beverage industry as a food additive, where it functions as a flavoring agent, acidulant, and preservative in products like soft drinks, fruit juices, and candies.

Sodium citrate is used in the formulation of dietary supplements, where it helps balance the pH levels and enhance the bioavailability of other ingredients.
Sodium citrate is employed in the production of chelating agents, where it binds to metal ions, preventing them from interfering with chemical reactions or causing contamination in products.
Sodium citrate is used in the pharmaceutical industry, where it acts as an anticoagulant in blood preservation, particularly in blood banks, by preventing clotting.

Sodium citrate is used in the production of cosmetics and personal care products, where it helps to control the pH and stabilize formulations like lotions, creams, and shampoos.
Sodium citrate is used in the preparation of medical solutions, where it helps adjust the pH and prevent acid-related side effects in intravenous fluids and other injectable products.

Sodium citrate is employed in the formulation of effervescent tablets, where it reacts with acids to release carbon dioxide, creating bubbles and a pleasant fizzy effect.
Sodium citrate is used in the production of processed cheese, where it helps improve the texture and stability of the cheese, preventing it from becoming too stiff or crumbly.

Sodium citrate is used as a buffering agent in beverages, where it helps maintain the stability and consistency of the product, especially in carbonated drinks.
Sodium citrate is applied in the production of cleaning products, where it works as a water softener, enhancing the efficiency of detergents by binding to calcium and magnesium ions.

Sodium citrate is used in the preparation of beverages like sports drinks and electrolyte solutions, where it helps maintain pH balance and enhances hydration by supporting the absorption of water and salts.
Sodium citrate is employed in the preparation of syrups and jams, where it acts as a preservative, preventing microbial growth and maintaining the product's shelf life.
Sodium citrate is used in the manufacture of candies and confectioneries, where it helps regulate acidity levels, enhance flavor, and preserve the product.

Sodium citrate is used in cosmetics, particularly in face cleansers and toners, where it helps to balance the pH and maintain skin hydration without causing irritation.
Sodium citrate is used in the production of toothpaste, where it helps improve texture and serves as a mild abrasive to aid in cleaning teeth.
Sodium citrate is used in the preparation of baked goods, where it acts as a leavening agent, helping to produce a light and fluffy texture by reacting with baking soda.

Sodium citrate is employed in the production of gelatin, where it helps maintain the desired texture and consistency, preventing it from becoming too firm.
Sodium citrate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a buffering agent in cough syrups and other liquid medicines, where it helps prevent irritation caused by acidity.

Sodium citrate is used in the manufacture of ice cream and dairy products, where it improves texture and prevents the formation of ice crystals, ensuring a smooth, creamy consistency.
Sodium citrate is used in the preparation of cosmetic exfoliants, where it helps to dissolve dead skin cells and enhance the effectiveness of other exfoliating agents.

Sodium citrate is employed in the production of medical diagnostics, particularly in test kits where it helps stabilize biological samples and prevent coagulation.
Sodium citrate is used in the formulation of hair care products, such as conditioners and shampoos, where it helps to adjust pH and improve the performance of active ingredients.

Sodium citrate is used in water treatment systems, where it helps reduce scaling and mineral buildup, improving the efficiency of boilers and cooling systems.
Sodium citrate is used in the production of soluble fibers in processed foods, helping to enhance the dietary fiber content while maintaining the desired texture and mouthfeel.

Sodium citrate is used in the formulation of bath salts and bathing products, where it helps to regulate pH and enhance the experience of relaxation and skin hydration.
Sodium citrate is employed in the preparation of emulsions, where it helps to stabilize the mixture and prevent separation of ingredients, improving the texture and performance of the product.

Sodium citrate is used in the manufacture of sour candies, where it helps control the tartness, providing a balanced, enjoyable flavor.
Sodium citrate is used in the formulation of skin care masks, where it helps adjust the pH of the product and improve its texture and overall effectiveness.

Sodium citrate is employed in the formulation of soluble vitamins and supplements, helping to improve the solubility of nutrients for easier absorption by the body.
Sodium citrate is used in the preparation of medical devices, where it helps stabilize solutions and prevent coagulation, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the device during use.

DESCRIPTION

Sodium citrate is a white, crystalline powder or granular solid with a mildly salty and sour taste.
It is the trisodium salt of citric acid and functions effectively as a buffering and chelating agent.
Sodium citrate is highly soluble in water and provides excellent control over pH and metal ion activity.

Sodium citrate is non-toxic, biodegradable, and safe for use in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
It acts as a stabilizer and synergist in antioxidant systems, extending product freshness and consistency.
Sodium citrate is known for its ability to reduce formulation viscosity and prevent ingredient separation.
Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid and is commonly used in food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications due to its ability to act as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and preservative.

Sodium citrate is a white, crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water and has a mild, salty taste, making it suitable for use in various formulations that require pH regulation or stabilization.
Sodium citrate functions primarily as a pH regulator and buffering agent, helping to maintain the desired acidity or alkalinity in solutions, thereby enhancing the stability and performance of the product.

Sodium citrate is an effective chelating agent, as it binds with metal ions, such as calcium and magnesium, preventing them from interfering with the functioning of other ingredients in a formulation.
Sodium citrate is commonly used in the food industry to regulate acidity, preserve freshness, and enhance the flavor profile of a wide range of products, including beverages, dairy, and processed foods.

Sodium citrate is known for its ability to act as an anticoagulant, preventing blood clotting in blood storage and transfusion applications, which is crucial in medical and laboratory settings.
Sodium citrate is widely used in medical and pharmaceutical applications to improve the solubility and absorption of certain drugs, especially in effervescent tablet formulations.

Sodium citrate is biodegradable and non-toxic, making it a safe and environmentally friendly ingredient in both consumer and industrial applications.
Sodium citrate is versatile and can be used in a wide range of products, from household cleaning products to personal care items, where it helps enhance texture, stability, and the performance of other ingredients.

Sodium citrate is commonly included in formulations for sensitive skin care products due to its mildness, as it helps balance pH and maintains skin hydration without causing irritation.
The compound is odorless, chemically stable under normal storage conditions, and compatible with a wide range of ingredients.
Sodium citrate does not impart color or cloudiness, making it suitable for clear solutions and liquids.
It complies with international quality standards including USP, BP, FCC, and E-number food regulations.

PROPERTIES

Chemical Formula: C₆H₅Na₃O₇
Molecular Weight: 258.07 g/mol
Common Name: Sodium citrate / Trisodium citrate
Appearance: White crystalline powder or granules
Odor: Odorless
Taste: Mildly saline and sour
Solubility: Freely soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol
pH (1% solution): Approx. 7.5–9.0
Melting Point: >300°C (decomposes)
Density: Approx. 1.7–1.9 g/cm³
Stability: Stable under normal conditions; hygroscopic
Storage Temperature: Store at 15–30°C in sealed containers
Shelf Life: 24–36 months under dry, controlled storage

FIRST AID

Inhalation:
Move to fresh air.
Seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms occur.

Skin Contact:
Rinse skin with water.
Generally non-irritating; seek medical help if irritation develops.

Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes.
Consult a physician if discomfort persists.

Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
Non-toxic in small amounts; seek medical advice for large doses or discomfort.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
Sodium citrate has low toxicity and is rapidly excreted.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:
Avoid dust generation and inhalation.
Use personal protective equipment during bulk handling.
Wash hands after use.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Sweep or vacuum spilled material.
Dispose according to local environmental regulations.

Storage:
Store Sodium citrate in a cool, dry, and well-sealed container.
Protect from moisture and incompatible substances such as strong acids.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid prolonged exposure to humidity to prevent clumping or caking.
Ensure clear labeling and controlled conditions for food and pharma-grade usage.